Jerawat didefinisikan sebagai peradangan kronik dari folikel polisebasea yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor dengan gambaran klinis yang khas. Salah satu tanaman yang dapat mengatasi jerawat yaitu semangka. Kulit buah semangka (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai) memiliki senyawa antibakteri di antaranya alkaloid, fenol, saponin, dan terpenoid. Dalam penelitian ini ekstrak limbah kulit buah semangka diformulasikan dalam sediaan gel. Tahap penelitian yang menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap ini meliputi penyiapan dan pengumpulan simplisia limbah kulit buah semangka, ekstraksi, uji kandungan senyawa, formulasi gel, evaluasi sifat fisik sediaan gel, dan uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus aureus. Ekstraksi yang dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan metode maserasi dengan penyari kloroform. Uji kandungan senyawa dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penapisan fitokimia meliputi uji alkaloid, uji triterpenoid, uji fenol, dan uji saponin. Ekstrak kulit buah semangka dengan konsentrasi 5, 10, dan 15% kemudian diformulasikan dengan carbopol 940 dan dilanjutkan dengan evaluasi sifat fisik gel, di antaranya uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji daya sebar, uji daya lekat, uji pH, dan uji viskositas. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dari formulasi ekstrak kulit buah semangka dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar. Hasil formulasi terbaik pada formulasi gel menghasilkan gel yang homogen, lekat, menyebar, pH yang cocok dengan kulit, dan memiliki viskositas yang cukup baik. Hasil terbaik dari zona hambat uji antibakteri pada bakteri Propionibacterium acnes yaitu 5,23 mm dan pada bakteri Staphylococcus aureus yaitu 5,80 mm.
Objective To determine the factors that affect women’s willingness at childbearing age to detect/screen for cervical cancer. Methods A cross‐sectional study was carried out on sexually active women, aged 30–50 years residing in Banyumas and Gunung Kidul Districts, Indonesia. There were 600 respondents. This study focused on the impact of knowledge, access to health information, and support of their husband on the willingness to undergo early detection of cervical cancer. Results This study revealed that there was a statistically significant difference (P = 0.000) between the women who were willing and unwilling to do the screening in terms of higher knowledge (64.67% and 36.21%), obtained access to the information (80.43% and 54.74%), and supported by their husband (63.59% and 29.31%). This study also discovered that the willingness to be screened was significantly affected by spousal support (odds ratio [OR] 4.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.81–6.27). Other factors, such as education level (OR 2.94, 95% CI 1.20–6.63), knowledge (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.52–3.44), and access to information (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.34–3.24), were also important drivers. Conclusion To improve the coverage of cervical screening, several aspects could be treated, including education, knowledge, access to information, and spousal support.
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