Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the predictive value of serum creatinine for in-hospital mortality among patients who had acute coronary syndromes. Study Design: An observational study Place and Duration: This observational study was conducted at Department of Cardiology, Rashid Latif Medical College, Lahore and Nowshera Medical College, Nowshera, KPK in the duration from 1st May, 2022 to 31 October, 2022. Methods: Total 198 patients had acute coronary syndromes who underwent successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were included. Patients were aged between 25-80 years. After receiving written consent, we recorded the subjects' ages, sexes, BMIs, and diagnoses in detail. Within 12 hours of an AMI diagnosis, serum creatinine levels were taken. Patients were split into two groups based on their serum creatinine levels upon admission. There are two categories, those with high levels of serum creatinine (over 1.3 mg/dL) and those with normal levels (below 1.3 mg/dL). Life expectancy at death was measured at one year. All of the information was analyzed with SPSS 22.0. Results: There were majority 140 (70.7%) males and 58 (29.3%) females in this study. Mean age of the patients was 55.18±11.24 years and had mean BMI was 24.6±14.52 kg/m2. Mean serum urea level was 37.3±0.22 mg/dL. Diabetes found in 40 (20.2%) cases and frequency of hypertension was 82 (41.4%). Anterior myocardial infarction was found in 79 (39.9%) cases followed by Inferior MI in 73 (36.9%) cases and non-ST MI in 46 (23.2%) cases. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 45±7.17 %. We found elevated serum creatinine in 37 (18.7%) cases and normal creatinine in 161 (81.3%) cases. Mortality in elevated group was higher found in 10 (27.02%) cases and as compared to normal group 8 (4.96%). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that patients with AMI who had even slightly raised serum creatinine levels at admission have a significantly higher risk of dying within a year. Keywords: Myocardial Infarction, Comorbidities, Primary percutaneous coronary intervention, Mortality, Serum Creatinine
Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of lipid abnormalities in patients presenting with coronary artery disease. Study Design: Cross-sectional Place and Duration: In the Cardiology department of Qazi Hussain Ahmad Medical Complex hospital, Nowshera for six-months duration from February 2021 to January 2022. Methodology: 175 patients of both genders with ages 20-80 years were included in this analysis. Following informed consent, patients' vital statistics, including age, sex and BMI were recorded. Each patient had a blood sample obtained to analyze in the lab. Cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) were all monitored on a regular basis. The entire dataset was examined via SPSS 22.0. Results: We found that majority of the patients were males 112 (64%) were males and females were 63 (36%). Majority of the patients 65 (37.1%) had age >60years and 95 (54.3%) had BMI >25kg/m2. Among 175 patients, we found abnormal lipid profile found in 82 (46.9%) cases. Among cases of abnormal lipid profile, cholesterol 203.17±6.44 and LDL was found higher 108.6±13.45, while HDL-Cholesterol was lowered 51.64±7.25. We found that serum triglycerides were also higher 212.19±28.49 among cases of abnormal lipid profile. Conclusion: In this study, we found that total cholesterol and LDL were considerably higher than HDL c in patients who presented with coronary artery disease, and that the frequency of lipid profiles was high. Keywords: Serum triglyceride, Coronary Artery, Lipid profile, Serum cholesterol,
Objective: Explore the causes of patients' delayed hospital visits after presenting with acute myocardial infarction to better understand this issue. Study Design: Cross-sectional Place & Duration: Department of Cardiology, Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad during the period from February, 2022 to July, 2022. Methods: Seventy patients of both sexes were enrolled in this study, all of whom had been diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction. Ages of patients ranged from 18 to. A patient's age, sex, place of residence, level of education, and socioeconomic position were meticulously noted. It was recorded how often people were running late. Reasons for the late arrival were calculated. Results: There were a total of 70 patients, 48 (70%) of whom were male and 22 (30%) female. Patients between the ages of 41 and 50 made up the largest age group, followed by those between the ages of 51 and 65. It was found that 42 patients (62.9%) arrived more than 2 hours after their symptoms had begun. The use of public transportation was the leading cause of arrival delays (51.4%), followed by large distance (more than 20 km) (38.5%) and the lack of an attendant (38.5%). Conclusion: We found that a significant proportion of patients with acute myocardial infarction had a delayed arrival. The most common causes of late arrival at the hospital were the use of public transportation, travel distance, lack of education, and low socioeconomic level. Keywords: Delayed arrival, Risk factors, Acute myocardial infarction,
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