The growth of motor vehicles over the past five years has reached 8.63 % per year. The increasing number of vehicles has an impact on increasing fuel consumption. One alternative energy as another fuel currently being developed in motor vehicles is bioethanol. The addition of bioethanol will certainly change the fuel properties, the fuel will be more difficult to self-ignite so the pressure generated in the combustion chamber will be more consistent. The coefficient of variation (COV) represents the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean of a set of data, in this study in-cylinder pressure data (IMEP) is used. Based on previous research that discussed the analysis of emission gas and fuel consumption on SI engine fueled with low-grade bioethanol and oxygenated additive, the authors examined further to analyze the characteristic of gasoline-ethanol blend and oxygenated additive to COVIMEP and exhaust gas emissions of the various fuel mixture at variable engine speed were investigated. The results of the study show that gasoline-ethanol blend and oxygenated additive decrease variation in combustion pressure. It also reduces exhaust emissions; CO and HC are found to be reduced while CO 2 and O 2 increased as concentration increases.
Limited fossil energy resources need to encourage renewable energy development and energy conservation it is called green energy development. One of the alternative energy sources used are bioethanol, from low grade is converted into high grade through distillation process with distillator compact that will be used as a mixture of gasoline. Tests compact distillator consisting of evaporator Indonesia Kampus, separator, and condenser by utilizing exhaust gas to heat distillator already filled with low grade bioethanol, so the heat transfer occurs on the surface of the exhaust into the evaporator chamber. In the evaporator will transform ethanol into the vapor phase. Ethanol vapor flows into the separator, with a mechanism in it is expected that water vapor will evaporate participate separately with ethanol vapor. Ethanol vapors from this distillation will flow to the condenser and will be turned into liquid, the liquid is as high grade bioethanol would be the fuel mixing gasoline. In early studies, distillation rate was 98.5 ml/h with 67% ethanol content. Optimization compact distillator is done by adding the valve at the evaporator branch. When heat has reached 80°C exhaust gas flow to the evaporator chamber is closed. As a result, the heat from the evaporator can be detained and not rise significantly. Further optimization is to change the design of the separator through theoretical and empirical calculations with some assumptions based on the rule of thumb in the field of distillation, adding insulation to reduce heat leakage, as well as varying the feed volume and feed concentrate ethanol. In the end, based on the parameters of the distillation rate and ethanol concentrate, compact distillator with distances between tray 100 mm, volume 800 ml, engine speed 5.400 rpm can produce distillation rate of 274.3 ml/hr and ethanol concentrate of 88.97%.
The limitation of fossil energy resources and the increasing need for fossil fuels encourage the development of renewable energy resources. An alternative energy currently being developed such as biomass utilized as an alternative fuel in motorized vehicles are bioethanol. This Paper discusses the development of research on the utilization of bioethanol in Indonesia, starting from low-grade ethanol distillation into high grade up until the utilization of additives in a mixture of bioethanol and gasoline on internal combustion engine. Bioethanol fuel mainly produced by sugar fermentation process from biomass, it can also be manufactured by chemical process. Today the use of bioethanol in Indonesia as fuel still very low, however the production of low-grade bioethanol often found as a type of beverage consumed by certain communities, both traditional and industrial scale. In Indonesia, bioethanol mixture to be a fuel is usually anhydrous ethanol with a concentration of >99.5%. If fully used as fuel it is necessary to modify the engine, but if it is mixed with the gasoline then the engine modification is not required. The addition of bioethanol to gasoline will certainly change the fuel properties, the fuel will be more difficult to self-ignite so the pressure generated in the combustion chamber will be more consistent.
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