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Coastal marine environments are considered to be the most sensitive areas for the accumulation of organotin (OT) compounds and other emerging new pollutants, such as perfluoroalkyl compounds. Contamination by these compounds is a matter of great concern due to their accumulation and possible negative impact on the coastal environment and organisms. The concentrations of tributyltin (TBT) compounds were greater in Indonesia, i.e., on the order of Bitung > Manado > Jakarta Bay > Gangga Island, and TBT in sediment from Bitung and Manado was the dominant species among butyltin (BT) compounds. Sea Nine 211, diuron, and irgarol 1051 were detected among alternative biocides in Bitung, Manado, and Gangga Island and irgarol 1051 was detected in Jakarta Bay. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorosulfonic acid (PFOS) in Jakarta Bay were detected at 0.25 to 6.1 μg kg(-1) dry weight (dw) and 0.58 to 3.7 μg kg(-1) dw, respectively, and the concentrations of PFOS at most sampling sites were greater than those of PFOA. Thus, coastal waters from Indonesia have already been contaminated by antifouling biocides and perfluoroalkyl compounds.

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Abstract. Arbiastutie Y, Marsono Dj, Hartati MS, Purwanto R. 2017

Abstrack: Gout Arthritis is one of degenerative diseases that attacks joint marked by the increasing of uric acid level excessively inside the body, and when it is repeating chronically, it may cause thopi. The lack of society's knowledge about gout arthritis may lead to the emergence of this disease, where it also happens because of the eating pattern. Eating Pattern consists of the frequency of food, types of food, the purpose, eat, the function of food, and the way how was the food processed. The aim of this study is to know the relation between eating pattern & knowledge extent of uric acid level of people with gout arthritis in public health center of ranotana weru’s. Research method is using the cross sectional approach. The study involved 93 gout arthritis sufferers as the respondents by using purposive sampling technique. Data collected by using questionnaires. The result is using chi square in the level of significance 95% which values that significant value 0,000 < 0,05 for eating pattern and 0,001 < 0,05 Conclusion, there is a relation between eating pattern and uric acid level, and there is a relation between knowledge extent and uric acid level.Keywords : Uric acid level, knowledge level, eating patternAbstrak : Gout artritis merupakan salah satu penyakit degenerative yang menyerang sistem persendian dimana penyakit ini ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar asam urat dalam tubuh secara berlebihan dan gout artritis yang terjadi berulang atau bertahun akan menyebabkan timbulnya tophi. Kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang gout artritis bepengaruh terhadap terjadinya gout artritis, dimana salah satu faktor penyebab terjadinya gout artritis yaitu pola makan. Pola makan terdiri dari frekuensi makanan, jenis makanan, tujuan, makan, fungsi makanan, dan cara pengolahan makanan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan pola makan dan tingkat pengetahuan dengan kadar asam urat dalam darah pada penderita gout artritis di puskesmas ranotana weru. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Responden terdiri dari 93 penderita gout artritis dengan teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil Uji penelitian dengan menggunakan uji chi-square pada tingkat kemaknaan 95%, didapat bahwa nilai signifikan 0,000 < 0,05 untuk pola makan dan 0,001 < 0,05. Kesimpulan terdapat hubungan antara pola makan dengan kadar asam urat dalam darah dan terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan kadar asam urat dalam.Kata kunci : Kadar asam urat, tingkat pengetahuan, pola makan