The study aims to verify the validity and reliability of the entrepreneurial mindset scale in the Indonesian context (i.e., the adapted EM scale). The respondents were 302 undergraduate students who have already enrolled in the entrepreneurship course. In order to achieve the aim of study, a scale development procedure was conducted, including item generation, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. Item generation was successful in generating the preliminary items of the entrepreneurial mindset scale, whereas exploratory factor analysis was also successful in purifying those preliminary items. Furthermore, confirmatory factor analysis was successful in verifying the convergent validity and the composite reliability of the adapted EM scale. The adapted EM scale was a parsimonious measurement model, and therefore it could be useful for measuring the entrepreneurial mindset of undergraduate students in Indonesia. Future studies are recommended to refine the adapted EM scale: (1) by verifying it among students from other universities, (2) by using two different samples, in which one sample is for exploratory factor analysis and the other one is for confirmatory factor analysis, and (3) by testing the measurement invariance across groups (e.g., gender, age, and origin of university).   Received: 7 October 2021 / Accepted: 3 March 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022

This study extends the literature of the theory of planned behavior in the context of entrepreneurship. Specifically, this study is intended to verify which psychological characteristics moderate the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial action. Internal locus of control, innovativeness, and performance goal orientation are proposed to moderate "the entrepreneurial intention-action relationship", because those variables have the likelihood for individuals to take action to start a new business. Adopting a cross-sectional design, the data were collected from 188 undergraduate students who participated in an entrepreneurship project and analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis. The results demonstrated that internal locus of control was found to strengthen "the entrepreneurial intention-action relationship", whereas innovativeness and performance goal orientation did not moderate that relationship. The findings provide

This study aims not only to verify ‘the experiential learning–entrepreneurial mindset relationship’, but also to test which entrepreneurial characteristics (i.e., innovativeness, risk-taking propensity, need for achievement, and proactiveness) moderate ‘the experiential learning–entrepreneurial mindset relationship’. The data were collected from 313 undergraduate students who have already taken the entrepreneurship course and analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. The results showed the positive relationships between experiential learning and elaboration mindset, and between experiential learning and implementing mindset. However, need for achievement and proactiveness were found to moderate ‘the experiential learning–entrepreneurial mindset relationship’, whereas innovativeness and risk-taking propensity did not moderate that relationship. This study provides theoretical implications in extending the literature of experiential learning theory, Dweck’s implicit theory of intelligence, and entrepreneurial characteristics. This study also has practical implications for entrepreneurship educators.   Received: 16 September 2022 / Accepted: 25 December 2022 / Published: 5 January 2023

This study aims to determine the activities of Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) which is the preference of students at private universities X in Surabaya. This research is a quantitative type of research using the slovin method and stratified random sampling combined with purposive sampling as a sampling method. Existing data is processed using SPSS Statistics so that the data is presented in tabular form as data analysis. The results of this study were to find several IMC activities that were considered the most interesting by these college students, starting from the most popular ones namely sales promotion (42%) and followed by personal sales, and advertising. In this study also known some IMC activities that are considered unattractive or even unknown by students in this tertiary institution starting from those considered unattractive or unknown such as events and experiences (31%), then following with direct marketing activities, and finally is an advertisement where some unknown or uninterested students are found.

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