Preventive programs are standardized behavioral interventions that either stop or reduce course of diseases. Indeed, it is known that much of public health programs are synonymous to preventive medicine, which constitute major theme in primary healthcare. The objective of this study was to provide preliminary summaries of research programs, which determined nutritional status on visual impairment (VI) among children, utilization of ITNs and reduction of HIV/AIDS infection in Nigeria. The studies adopted intervention approaches. In Delta state, antioxidant vitamins and ferrous sulphate were administered to participants, to assess impact on visual impairment. In health education on utilization of ITNs in Bayelsa and Rivers states; as well as on HIV/AIDS infection in Northern Nigeria. Statistically, the studies followed a quantitative method. Baseline percentages of vitamin A and C deficiencies, anaemia, and VI differed with respective post-intervention levels. Post-intervention result showed that 92.1% owned ITNs, improved knowledge of causes and consequences of malaria. On HIV, community-based television, and radio awareness programs on the use of condom influenced the reduction of HIV/AIDS infection by up to 30%. In conclusion, the preliminary reports indicate that antioxidant vitamins and iron supplementation ameliorated anaemia and VI. Public health awareness campaign influenced behavioural change wheel on use of ITNs as well as use of condom for the reduction of HIV/AIDS infection in Nigeria.

Primary health care (PHC) is the first level of contact for individuals, the family and the community with the national health system and “address the main health problem in the community, providing health promotion, preventive, curative and rehabilitative services accordingly.” This study aimed to determine the factors affecting utilization of healthcare services in the rural area of Bauchi State, fifteen years retrospective study on pregnancy-induced diabetes progresses to types-2-diabetes mellitus (DM) in Gombe South senatorial district of Gombe State and the impact of Nigeria State health investment project (Nship) on quality maternal and child health services among women of child bearing age (15-49 years) and children under 5 years in Bauchi State, Nigeria. The study was a sequential mixed methods approach including: (a) descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based research design (b) retrospective review ‘questionnaire survey’ on pre-post field interventions survey and (c) In-depth interview of the respondents. Factors that affect utilization of PHC includes; inexpensive cost and easy access to health facility 26.7%), treatment satisfaction 18.8% and nearness to place of residence 26.7%. The 1.1% of the women had gestational DM (GDM). Nship sharply increased the level of delivery of pregnant women. Improved living conditions increased utilization of health facilities. DM progressing to types 2 DM was not a public health problem in Gombe South senatorial district. Nship positively impacted the quality of maternal and child’s health in Bauchi State from 2016 to 2020.

It is a known fact that preventable diseases are illnesses, or deaths that could be stopped from occurring. As a part of the ongoing Ph.D. program undertaken by the current and pioneer students in the Novena University, Ogume, different research topics were chosen by individual students which were presented as seminar being part of the requirement for the update of their research adventures. The topics were categorized under 3 different groups and one was preventable diseases such as complications of early marriage amongst women, respiratory distress among pregnant women/children and knowledge, attitude and practice of immunization against childhood vaccine preventable diseases among mothers. Complications of early marriage amongst women results in maternal mortality, vesico-vaginal fistula and psychological distress. Gas flaring being environmental pollution exposes women and children to respiratory diseases, hence culminating in maternal and child morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, vaccine preventable diseases are major threats to the health and well-being of children under five years of age, contributing a great deal to childhood illnesses, disabilities, and high percentage of childhood mortality worldwide.