Nanoparticles (NPs) are being incorporated into pristine polymeric matrices as well as recycled waste polymers to prepare new materials with enhanced properties called polymer nanocomposites (PNCs). There has been an accelerating growth in the field of polymer nanocomposites in the last two decades owing to their tunable and enhanced optical, thermal, electrical, magnetic, and mechanical properties, which make them viable and well-suited for various applications. The addition of nanoparticles in the form of nanosheets, nanotubes, nanospheres, quantum dots, etc., to the polymer matrices reduces the drawbacks of polymers like low mechanical strength, weaker chemical resistivity, etc. due to the large surface area to volume ratio of NPs. Moreover, the interaction of nanoparticles with the polymer chain lowers the permeability of gases and increases the water resistance of the polymer. Due to their remarkable capabilities, polymer nanocomposites have attracted significant theoretical interest as well as a large number of practical applications in a variety of scientific and technological domains. This article provides an overview of the various classes of nanoparticles and different fabrication methods used to produce polymer nanocomposites. Additionally, an effort is made to comprehend the properties and applications of polymer nanocomposites in different areas like wastewater treatment, dye removal, heavy metal and gas sensing, optoelectronics, etc.
Two visible spectrophotometric methods were developed Aand B for the
determination of Darunavir in pure and pharmaceutical formulations. The methods are based on
condensation reaction with PDAB (Method-A) and ONB (Method-B) in presence of acidic
medium with the primaryamine group in DNV. The coloured products exhibit absorption λmax at
639 nm and 452nm for methods A and B respectively. Regression analysis of Beer-Lambert
plots showed good correlation in the concentration ranges 10-60μg/ml, 50-300 μg/ml, correlation
co-efficients are 0.9983, 0.9989;Sandell’s sensitivities are9.9833 x 10-3, 3.0456 x 10-2(1 mole
cm-1); and molar absorptivity values are5.4857 x 104,1.7981x 104 (μg cm-2) for methods-Aand B
respectively. The proposed methods are applied to commercial available formulations and the
results are statistically compared with those obtained by the UV reference method and validated
by recovery studies. The results are found satisfactory and reproducible. These methods are
applied successfully for the estimation of the DNV in the presence of other ingredients that are
usually present in formulations. These methods offer the advantages of rapidity, simplicity and
sensitivity and low cost without the need for expensive instrumentation and reagents.
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