Field experiments was carried out at Shandaweel Agricultural Research Station, Sohag Governorate during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons. The aim of this research to investigate three harvest dates at ages of(11,12 and 13 months)on the performance of five promising sugarcane varieties G.84-47,G.2003-47, G.2003-49,G.2004-27 and the commercial variety G.T.54-9 as a control. The harvest age up to 13 months recorded the highest values of cane and sugar yields in plant cane (52.08 and 5.95 tons/fed (fed=0.42ha), respectively) and first ratoon crops (55.16 and 6.70tons/fed, respectively).Varieties showed significantly differed in stalk length, stalks number, as well as brix, sucrose, sugar recovery percentages, cane and sugar yields (ton/fed.).The best performance was reported by the following varieties (G2004-27, G2003-47 and GT54-9) under all harvest ages, Also, these varieties registered the best cane yield (52.01,52.35 and 53.94 tons/fed, respectively) and sugar yields (5.48,6.09 and 6.03ton/fed,respectively).Results indicated significantly increasing physiological characters such as, leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR),and net assimilation rate (NAR) with increasing harvest age as well as, these traits varied significantly between varieties. There is a positive and significant correlation between CGR, NAR and cane yield, which should be used to predict cane yield. Broad-sense heritability for cane and sugar yields and their traits varied from the lowest trait registered by stalk length(34.23%)to the highest value(95.82%)recorded by sucrose percentage. It could be more effective if selected higher heritability for yield than the lower. Varietal differences in growth and maturity rates should be taken into account when making harvesting decisions.
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana, L.) is receiving increasing global interest as a diabetes-focused herb associated with zero-calorie stevioside sweetener glycoside production. This study was conducted to determine whether the arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), as a biofertilizer integrated with nano boron (B), zinc (Zn), and molybdenum (Mo), would improve stevia growth and stevioside content. A factorial experiment with four replicates was conducted to evaluate the effect of AM at 0, 150, and 300 spore/g soil and three nano microelements B at 100 mg/L, Zn at 100 mg/L, and Mo at 40 mg/L on growth performance, stevioside, mineral contents, and biochemical contents of stevia. Results indicated that the combination of AM at 150 and B at 100 mg/L significantly increased plant height, number of leaves, fresh and dry-stem, and herbal g/plant during the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons. Chlorophyll content was increased by the combination between AM at 150 spore/g soil and B at 100 mg/L during both seasons. Stevioside content in leaves was increased by AM at 150 spore/g soil and B at 100 mg/L during the second season. In addition, N, P, K, Zn, and B in the leaf were increased by applying the combination of AM and nano microelements. Leaf bio constituent contents were increased with AM at 150 spore/g soil and B at 100 mg/L during both seasons. The application of AM and nano B can be exploited for high growth, mineral, and stevioside contents as a low-calorie sweetener product in stevia.
To study the effect of different levels of potassium humate and boron fertilization, two field trials were carried out in a private farm at El-Nubaria region, (latitude of 30.86° N, longitude of 31.16° E and altitude of 21 m above sea level) El-Bahira Governorate, Egypt in 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons. This work included sixteen treatments, represent the combinations of four levels of potassium humate as a soil application (0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 kg/fed) and four levels of boron (zero, 70, 140 and 210 ppm/fed) as a foliar application in the form of boric acid 17% boron), which sprayed thrice at 50, 65 and 80 days from sowing and their effect on growth, yield and quality of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris var. saccharifera, L.). A split-plot design in three replications was done.The results revealed that fertilizing sugar beet with 7.5 kg potassium humate resulted in higher values of leaf area index (LAI), photosynthetic pigments, root diameter, fresh and foliage weights/plant, sucrose, sugar lost to molasses, extractable sugar percentages, quality index, root and sugar yields/fed in both seasons. However, the sodium content of roots was insignificantly affected by the studied potassium humate levels in both seasons.It was found that higher values of leaf area index (LAI), root diameter, fresh and foliage weights/plant, sucrose, sugar lost to molasses, sugar extractable percentages and quality index, as well as root, top and sugar yields/fed, were obtained with increasing boron application to 210 ppm/fed. otherwise, photosynthetic pigments, K, Na and alfa-amino N contents were insignificantly affected by the applied boron levels in both seasons.Fertilizing beet plants with 7.5 kg potassium humat/fed + 210 ppm boron resulted in a significant increase of LAI, chlorophyll (a), (b), root diameter and yield/fed compared to other combinations in both seasons.Under conditions of this work, the maximum root and sugar yields/fed were obtained by fertilizing beets with 7.5 kg potassium humate/fed as a soil application and spraying beets with 210 ppm boron/fed at three times (50, 65 and 80 days) after sowing.
Two field trials were conducted in a sandy soil at El-Nubaria district, El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons to find out the influence the compost mature produced from recycling agricultural residues (0, 10, 20 and 30 m 3 /fed.) added during seed bed preparation and four levels of boron (0, 100, 150 and 200 ppm/fed.) was sprayed twice at 6-8 and 10 leaf stages on growth, yield and quality of sugar beet crop (Beta vulgaris L.). A strip plots design in four replicates was used. The results revealed that fertilizing sugar beet with 30 m 3 /fed compost led to significant increments in growth traits and root, sucrose%, extractable sugar% as well as yields of top, root and sugar/fed, while sugar lost to molasses% decreased. Meantime, root sodium content was insignificantly affected by compost levels in both seasons. Increasing boron level up to 200 ppm attained significant increases in growth traits, sucrose, extractable sugar percentages, sugar yield/fed and quality index compared with the other levels of boron in both seasons. The interaction between treatment study led to significant effects on root diameter, root and top yields/fed. Regarding the correlation coefficient, it was found that root, top and sugar yields/fed were significantly and positively correlated with diameter, fresh weight of root and sucrose %. On the contrary, the three yields/fed were negatively correlated with quality index. Based upon the obtained results, fertilizing sugar beet with 30 m 3 compost + 200 ppm boron/fed could be recommended for optimum root and sugar yield per unit area under the environmental conditions of these study.
Two field experiments were conducted during the two successive winter seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 at Tag Al-Ezz Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt to study the effect of foliar spraying of some potassium sources i.e. potassium silicate at 4ml L -1 , potassium humate at 4ml L -1 and a mixture of them as main plots and foliar spraying with four levels of boron (0.0, 100, 150 and 200 mgL -1 ) as sub plots as well as their interactions on nutrients concentrations, yield components, quality characters and yield of sugar beet (Beta valgaris var. saccharifera L. Faten variety). The experimental design was split-plot design system. Spraying sugar beet plants with a mixture of K-Silicate and K-Humate produced the highest values of all studied parameters i.e. NPK concentrations, yield components, quality characteristics and yields followed by spraying with K-Humate, then spraying with K-Silicate and control in a descending order, with exception juice purity that had inverse trend in both seasons. Spraying sugar beet plants with a solution of boron at a rate of 100 mgL -1 was more effective than other studied boron levels in increasing nutrients concentrations, yield components, quality characters and yields and gave the highest values of them during both seasons. It can be concluded that maximum sugar beet nutrients concentrations, yield components, quality characters and yields were significantly affected by the interactions between the foliar spraying of K-Silicate+K-Humate mixture and boron at a rate of 100 mgL -1 under the environmental conditions of Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt.
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