Every one of us uses carbon dioxide emitting energy source in our daily activities. The purposes of this research were to obtain information on the level of household activities of carbon footprint and to obtain information on the most influential factor of household activities in Denpasar City. The research method employed was the descriptive quantitative. The analysis of the first purpose was obtained by the multiplication of emission factor and the use of LPG and electrical capacity. The analysis of the second purpose was obtained by implementing the analysis of doubled linier regression supported by employing SPSS version 16.00 program for Windows. The research result showed that the average of the total carbon footprint was as big as 138,037.02 g of carbon/month. Based on that average, the total of carbon footprint in Denpasar city with as many as 15,908 households was 2,195.89 ton CO2e/month. The statistic analysis test showed the factors that influenced the carbon footprint were the amount of household members, the amount of household equipments which needed LPG to operate, the amount of household equipments which needed electricity to operate and the duration of using electric equipments whose R2 power was as big as 90%. The duration of using electric equipments had the highest correlation with the value of 62.70 %. It is suggested that households should use energy saving equipments such as LED products; the government should consistently promote carbon saving movements; and to future research to calculate carbon footprint by using DNPI carbon calculator, or by using software LEAP.
The leakage of temple waste in the environment surrounding the temples has made the image of temples not only a cultural icon but also a contributor to landfill waste on the island. About 292.36 kg of temple waste is generated from a single ceremonial at Griya Anyar Tanah Kilap Temple. The temple waste consists of 90,16% of organic waste (food, leaf and discarded flower) that is easily biodegraded. This research aimed to examine the temple waste to be recycled into Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF). Leaf and flower waste are used as RDF material using two different drying methods, namely natural drying and pyrolysis. The results showed that the pyrolysis RDF has a similar caloric value to the natural drying RDF with 3311.7 kcal/kg and 2912.7 kcal/kg, respectively. According to the electrical power potential, pyrolysis RDF has 3856.19 kWh/tons, meanwhile natural drying RDF has 3391.59 kWh/tons. The pyrolysis RDF has less organic content and quite higher ash content than the natural drying RDF, making it better quality and appropriate to be applied in the community for a long-term sustainable temple waste recycling.
The high demand for fish for local consumption and export has led to overfishing and increased the trade of fish that are prohibited by law and international agreements. Therefore, this study aims to calculate species diversity and determine the conservation status of fish traded in traditional fish markets in Bali. Field sampling was carried out at fish markets located in Badung, Buleleng, Karangasem, and Jembrana. Samples are identified to the lowest taxa level that can be determined, based on morphological characters. Diversity parameters such as the Shannon diversity index (H), Simpson (Simp), Fisher Alpha, Species richness (S) and Pielou's evenness (J) were calculated using the Rstudio while the determination of conservation status refers to the IUCN Red List. The number of fish samples collected was 69 individuals from 23 families. Of the total 69 individuals, 61 individuals were successfully identified to species level, while the rest of it were identified to the genus level. The results showed that the family of Labridae/wrasses has the highest number of species (9 species) followed by Clupeidae and Scombridae (7 species each). The result of diversity indices showed that the Kedonganan fish market (Badung) has the highest diversity. Evaluation of the conservation status of traded fish showed that 80% of the traded fish species are still in LC (Least Concern) status, although one species identified as bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus, is known to have VU (Vulnerable) status. Tingginya permintaan ikan untuk konsumsi lokal maupun ekspor menyebabkan terjadinya overfishing dan meningkatkan perdagangan ikan-ikan yang dilarang oleh undang-undang maupun kesepakatan internasional. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung keanekaragaman jenis dan menentukan status konservasi ikan yang diperdagangkan di pasar ikan tradisional di Bali. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di pasar ikan yang terletak di kabupaten Badung, Buleleng, Karangasem, dan Jembrana. Sampel diidentifikasi sampai pada level taksa terendah yang bisa ditentukan, berdasarkan pada karakter morfologi. Parameter keanekaragaman seperti indeks keanekaragaman Shannon (H), Simpson (Simp), Fisher Alpha, Species richness (S) dan Pielou’s evenness (J) dihitung dengan Rstudio sedangkan penentuan status konservasi mengacu pada IUCN RedList. Jumlah sampel ikan yang dikumpulkan sebanyak 69 individu dari 23 famili. Dari total 69 individu, 61 individu berhasil diidentifikasi sampai pada level spesies sedangkan sisanya sampai level genus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Famili Labridae/wrasses memiliki jumlah spesies terbanyak (9 spesies) disusul oleh Clupeidae dan Scombridae (masing-masing 7 spesies). Hasil analisis keanekaragaman menunjukkan bahwa pasar ikan Kedonganan (Badung) memiliki keanekaragaman tertinggi. Evaluasi terhadap status konservasi ikan yang diperdagangkan menunjukkan bahwa 80% jenis ikan yang diperdagangkan masih dalam status LC (Least Concern) meskipun ditemukan juga satu spesies yaitu tuna mata besar, Thunnus obesus yang diketahui dalam status VU (Vulnerable).
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