African swine fever is one of the most dangerous diseases of swine. We confirmed the 2019 outbreak in Vietnam by real-time reverse transcription PCR. The causative strain belonged to p72 genotype II and was 100% identical with viruses isolated in China (2018) and Georgia (2007). International prevention and control collaboration is needed.

[Purpose] This study investigated how types of lumbosacral orthoses applied to patients with chronic lumbar pain affect postural control and low back pain. [Subjects and Methods] Ten subjects were randomly selected and allocated to each a group wearing soft lumbosacral orthoses and a group wearing rigid lumbosacral orthoses. They wore the lumbosacral orthoses for 4 weeks. Pain index and postural control were measured on the first day of wearing lumbosacral orthoses and 4 weeks later. Pain index was evaluated using a visual analogue scale, and postural control was measured using a Balance measurement system. The measurements examined included the overall balance index, anteroposterior balance index, and mediolateral balance index. [Results] There were statistically meaningful within-group differences in all variables, the visual analogue scale, overall balance index, anteroposterior balance index, and mediolateral balance index, in the group wearing soft lumbosacral orthoses. There were meaningful differences in visual analogue scale, overall balance index, and mediolateral balance index in the group wearing rigid lumbosacral orthoses. Furthermore, there was a meaningful difference in anteroposterior balance index between the group wearing soft lumbosacral orthoses and the group wearing rigid lumbosacral orthoses. [Conclusion] The results of the present study showed that wearing soft lumbosacral orthoses was more effective than wearing rigid lumbosacral orthoses.

[Purpose] This study investigated the effect on activities, shoulder muscle fatigue, upper limb disability of two exercise types performed by patients in the post- immobilization period of rotator cuff repair. [Subjects and Methods] The intervention program was performed by 20 patients from 6 weeks after rotator cuff repair. Ten subjects each were randomly allocated to a group performing open kinetic chain exercise and a group preforming closed kinetic chain exercise. Muscle activity and median frequency were measured by using sEMG and the Upper Extremity Function Assessment before and after conducting the intervention and changes in the results were compared. [Results] There was a significant within group increases in the activities of the shoulder muscles, except for the posterior deltoid. The median power frequencies (MFD) of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus and anterior deltoid significantly increased in the open kinetic chain exercise group, but that of the posterior deltoid decreased. There were significant differences in the changes in the upper limb disability scores of the two groups, in the shoulder muscle activities, except for that of the posterior deltoid, in the comparison of the change in the muscle activities of the two groups, and in the MDFs of all shoulder muscles. [Conclusion] The Median power frequencies of all these muscles after closed kinetic chain exercise increased indicating that muscle fatigue decreased. Therefore, research into exercise programs using closed kinetic chain exercises will be needed to establish exercise methods for reducing muscle fatigue.

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