Objectives: to evaluate possible cytotoxic effects of titanium alloy (Ti alloy) orthodontic miniscrew implants on the surrounding oral mucosal cells. Materials and Methods: Thirty orthodontic mini-screw implants (MSIs) installed to serve as anchorage for maxillary canine retraction after maxillary first premolar extraction. Fifteen female orthodontic patients with mean age of 16.11±1.68 years were consented to participate in the study, which ran for four months. The orthodontic appliance consisted of direct-bonded Roth monocrystalline ceramic brackets, and teflon-coated preformed archwires. Clinical evaluation of MSIs and oral hygiene condition were evaluated throughout the study period. Percentage of oral mucosa cells' DNA fragmentation were analyzed before insertion of MSIs, after one week, one month, three months and four months of MSIs insertion with the Comet assay analysis. Results: ANOVA test showed statistically significant decrease in oral hygiene condition during the study period. Statistically insignificant difference was evident in DNA fragmentation index of the collected oral mucosal cell in different time intervals. Conclusions: Orthodontic titanium alloy MSIs were biocompatible and demonstrated no cytotoxic effects on oral mucosal cells.
Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of occlusal splints used for treatment of tempromandibular disorders (TMD). Material and methods: Thirty class I malocclusion patients (ranging in age 20-30) suffering from signs of TMD attending at orthodontic department, faculty of dental medicine, Al Azhar university boys branch. The patients' complaints were crowding of teeth, limited mouth opening, tempromandibular joints (TMJ) pains, and joint noises during function. The patients will be divided randomly into three groups. Group I will have patients treated by hard rigid occlusal splint (heat cured tooth borne and occlusal surface). Group II will have patients treated by soft occlusal splint flexible and pliable tooth borne and occlusal surface. Group III will have patients treated by dual laminated occlusal surface, hard acrylic resin and soft material on tooth borne surface. Clinical evaluation was performed before the delivery of the splint and at 2, 4, 6 months. Maximum mouth opening and joint sound were recorded each follow up visit. Results: All groups of the study showed improvement in maximal mouth opening, TMJ pain, and clicking sounds with variable degrees according to treatment method. Conclusion: Dual laminated occlusal splint seemed to be superior in achieving rapid and prolonged improvement in TMD patients than other splints.
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