The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of Oil Prices distortion on Algerian Macroeconomics during the period (1980 to 2011). Using a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM); the impact of oil price fluctuation on five macroeconomic variables was examined. The results show that Oil Prices have no important Impact on the most variables during the short term with the exception that they have a positive effect on inflation and negative effect on real effective exchange rate. The result of Variance Decomposition analysis VD is consistent with the Impulse Response Function IRF in that there is a Positive Impact in Long-term of Oil Prices on The RGDP and INF. On the other hand; there is a Negative Impact on REER and UNE; with no effect at all on M2.Finally; The Study Recommends the importance of adopting a policy that allows reducing the dependence on the Oil Sector through diversification of income sources which; in turn; helps to raise real GDP; absorb Unemployment in The Local Economy; and reduce Inflationary pressures.

The present study has aimed at identifying the relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction of registered nurses at Jordanian private hospitals, the population of the study consisted of registered nurses at private hospitals located in Amman (capital of Jordan). There have been 200 surveys mailed out to registered nurses. One hundred and sixty eight usable surveys have been returned with an 83% response rate. Regarding transformational leadership, the survey was adapted from the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ). The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) developed by Weiss (1967) was adapted to measure the two factors of job satisfaction. The present study has shown a statistically significant positive relationship existing between the five dimensions of transformational leadership and the two dimensions of job satisfaction, the strongest relationship between internal job satisfaction and transformational leadership has been visible among the intellectual stimulation dimension.

Efficient efficiency of energy resources has been shown to have positive effects on both GDP growth and GHG emissions. While the negative effects of climate change and pollution continue to worsen, there has been a global slowdown in the rate at which energy efficiency is improving. In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions can be considerably influenced by economic and energy consumption. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to apply the generalized method of moments based on a quantile regression approach (GMMQR) to data for CO2 emissions, energy efficiency, real income, and research and development in MENA from 1990 to 2021 in order to determine the factors that determine CO2 emissions under the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) framework. Overall, the data showed that energy efficiency had a 3.2% impact on emissions reduction across all quantiles. In order to achieve their goals of lowering emissions and strengthening energy security, MENA states must increase the efficiency with which they use petroleum. Energy efficiency policies may have rebound effects, which might reduce their efficiency, according to this study.

There are many forecasting techniques that can be used in the financial markets, the importance of forecasting is to able investment community to take their decisions about the future expectations, assets allocation, portfolio management, assets pricing and other benefits. This paper presents the Box-Jenkins model as one of the forecasting techniques, which we can use, in the financial time series. The main aim of this study is to predict volatility of Amman Stock Exchange as one of the emerging markets for the insurance sector. That is adopted to give an investment community a chance to plan about their buying or selling decisions for financial securities in the future. That is achieved by finding the tentative Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models that describe the equation of the forecasting sector.

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