ÖZ Amaç: Adli vakalar çocuk acil ünitelerine başvurularda önemli bir yere sahiptir. Pandemi dönemiyle beraber acil servislere başvuru sıklığı ve vasıflarında değişiklikler olmuştur. Bu çalışmada pandemi sürecinin çocuklardaki adli vakalar üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Meram Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Acil Ünitesine Mart 2019- Mart 2021 tarihleri arasında başvurup adli vaka olarak tanımlanan hastaların dosyaları hastane bilgi yönetim sisteminden retrospektif yöntemle incelendi. Bulgular: Adli vakaların 505 tanesi (%48.4) kız, 538 tanesi (%41.6) erkek cinsiyet idi. Cinsiyetlere göre başvuru sıklığı değerlendirildiğinde cinsiyetler arasında anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı (p>0.05). Tüm vakaların yaş ortancası 3 (0.4-17.85) yıl idi. Hastaların 652’si (%62.5) ayaktan, 391’i (%37.5) yatılarak tedavi edilmişti. Hastaların 569’u (%54.5) pandemi öncesi, 473’ü (%45.5) pandemi sonrası tanı almıştı. Erkek çocuklarda burunda yabancı cisim, kız çocuklarda intihar girişimi tanısı daha sık görülmüştü. Pandemi döneminde vakaların daha sık hastaneye yatırıldığı, gastrointestinal sistemde yabancı cisim vakalarının daha az olduğu, istismar vakalarının daha çok olduğu saptandı. Sonuç: Pandemi döneminde yaşanılan sosyal kısıtlamalar, okul ve iş yerlerinin kapanması adli vakaların özelliklerinde değişimlere sebep olmuştur. Pandeminin çocuklardaki adli vakalara etkisinin araştırılması için daha kapsamlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Objective Vitamin D, due to its immunomodulating effect, zinc, and vitamin A, which affect cellular and humoral immunity, are thought to affect the clinical severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. The present study evaluates the association between vitamin A, D, and zinc deficiencies and disease severity in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infections. Methods The levels of vitamin A, D, and zinc at the time of diagnosis of 123 pediatric patients who presented to our hospital and were diagnosed as having hospitalized, nonhospitalized COVID-19 infection group, and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) were evaluated. The correlations of the measured levels with the disease severity and the need for intensive care or hospitalization were analyzed. Results Among the 123 patients, 21.1% ( n = 26), 42.2% ( n = 52), and 36.7% ( n = 45) had a diagnosis of MIS-C, belonged to the hospitalized COVID-19 infection group, or belonged to the nonhospitalized COVID-19 infection group, respectively. Zinc levels were significantly lower in the MIS-C group than in the nonhospitalized group ( p < 0.05). Vitamin A levels were found to be significantly lower in the MIS-C group than in the nonhospitalized group ( p < 0.01) and significantly lower in the hospitalized group when compared with the nonhospitalized group ( p < 0.001). Deficiencies in vitamin A, vitamin D, and zinc levels were found to be most common in the MIS-C group (42.3%) and in hospitalized COVID-19 group (15.3%). In the nonhospitalized COVID-19 group, it was found to be the lowest at 6.6%. Conclusion Based on the results of the present study and a literature review, it can be said that vitamin A, D, and zinc deficiencies may associate with the severity of COVID-19, although more studies are required to clarify this subject further.
Objective The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. Although the complaint of anosmia is well described in adult patients, there is limited knowledge in pediatric patients. We aim to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics and clinical findings of children with anosmia in COVID-19-positive pediatric patients. Materials and Methods Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection at 1 month to 18 years of age, who admitted to Meram Faculty of Medicine of Necmettin Erbakan University between March and June 2020, were retrospectively reviewed, and the patients who had anosmia or developed anosmia during follow-up were then included in the study. The diagnosis was established by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results A total of 71 patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 and 14 (19.7%) of them had anosmia. Mean patient age was 14.07 (range: 10–16) years. Six of our 14 (42.8%) patients had anosmia at the time of diagnosis and anosmia developed in the follow-up among eight patients. The mean duration of anosmia in our patients was 6.9 ± 3.8 days. Recovery time was 1 to 4 days in four patients (28.5%), 5 to 8 days in four patients (28.5%), and 9 to 14 days in six patients (42.8%). Conclusion In this article, it was emphasized that anosmia can be the sole manifestation or concomitant with other symptoms in children with COVID-19 disease. Care and attention is important to identify COVID-19 patients at an early stage of the disease and limit the spread of the virus.
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