A moving vehicle may very likely run into accidents. The occurrence rate of accidents would be largely reduced if the driver is warned in advance, even only 0.5 s earlier. For a running vehicle, the driving route within short time before collision has the characteristic of Markov. In this case, the coordinates of position only have to be considered within a short range, rather than the running status during the past long period. Within short period before collision, the driving route can be basically divided into two states: a straight line and a binomial curve. In this paper, a mechanism is proposed for sending collision warning messages to running vehicles.
This paper highlights an innovant method for calculating the damping ratio using Monte-Carlo method. Compared with other approaches reported in the literature, the clear benefit of the method is the ability to directly determinate the damping ratio upon irregular stress-stain curves through Python. By using Monte-Carlo method, it is found that (i) the computed damping ratios are consistent with the undrained cyclic triaxial result on a dense reference sand specimen; (ii) while total random samplings number for each hysteresis loop greater than 5000 times, the method could provide a satisfactory analysis.
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