Indium sulphide has been extensively investigated as a component for different kind of photovoltaic devices (organic-inorganic hybrid devices, all inorganic, dye sensitized cells). In this paper, we have optimised the growth conditions of indium sulphide thin films by means of a low cost, versatile deposition technique, like spray pyrolysis. The quality of the deposited films has been characterised by micro-Raman, vis-UV spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Substrate deposition temperature and different postdeposition annealing conditions have been investigated in order to obtain information about the quality of the obtained compound (which crystalline or amorphous phases are present) and the morphology of the deposited films. We have shown that the deposition temperature influences strongly the amount of amorphous phase and the roughness of the indium sulphide films. Optimised postdeposition annealing treatments can strongly improve the final amount of the beta phase almost independently from the percentage of the amorphous phase present in the as deposited films.
Green construction is becoming priority in developing a new scope to the construction itself. It emerges from the inevitable need to raise the environmental concern and to make effort to build sustainable, by balancing between the conservation of the environment and maintaining prosperity in development. Green design does not only make a positive impact on public health and the environment, it also reduces operating costs, enhances building and organizational marketability, increases occupant productivity, and helps create a sustainable community. This survey aims at determining the stage of knowledge and awareness about green buildings among most involved stakeholders. The survey targets basic understanding about green building and reveals the opinion about the advances and possible barriers for regulated construction of green buildings. This survey is conducted using the method of structured questionnaires and is based on the responses of 181 construction developers including designers, architects, civil engineers, technicians, workers in construction industry, investors, as well as legal representatives (decision makers). The overall results show high level of familiarization with the concept of green buildings (more than 75% of the respondents), and even higher percentage in expressing support of the idea for green buildings (less than 6% gave negative answers). The results obtained from three structured groups of questions (awareness, advantages & barriers, and possible areas for intervention) are discussed in comprehensive manner, by additional comparison with the results for global trends, in order to analyze thoroughly the current stage of awareness about green buildings in Macedonia.
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