Background: We compared the effectiveness of self-expanding metal stent alone vs. radioactive stent embedded with 125 I seeds implantation insertion in patients of inoperable esophageal squamous cell cancer combined with malignant esophageal stenosis. Methods: We studied two groups of patients with stenosis attribute to inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Group A had placed self-expanding metal stent alone insertion; group B encountered radioactive stent embedded with
To compare the differences in dietary status and knowledge of esophageal cancer (EC) between residents of high- and low-incidence areas. We investigated dietary conditions and EC knowledge among residents in high- and low-EC incidence areas (Yanting and Qingzhen counties). Residents in Yanting consumed more pickled vegetables, salted meat and barbecued food (P < 0.05). Analysis of the past ten-year trend in Yanting consumed fresh vegetables/fruits, beans, sauerkraut, hot food, and barbecued food had gradually increased, and the trend was less than that in Qingzhen County. However, the gradual increasing trend in consumption of pickled vegetables, pickled meat, and spicy food over the past 10 years was greater (P < 0.05). Drinking water in Yanting County was healthier than that in Qingzhen County (P < 0.05). In terms of EC knowledge, the proportions of residents in Yanting who had a clear understanding, knowledge or had heard of EC or knew the common causes, primary symptoms, therapeutic measures, preventive measures, and government interventions for EC were all higher than in Qingzhen (P < 0.05). Residents in Yanting had greater EC knowledge but more harmful dietary habits than those in Qingzhen.
Background: Endoscopic resection is increasingly used to treat pathological T1 (pT1) esophageal cancer (EC) patients. However, the procedures are limited by lymph node metastasis (LNM) and remain controversial. We aimed to construct a nomogram to predict the risk of LNM in patients with pT1 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: A total of 243 patients with pT1 ESCC who underwent esophagectomy and lymph node dissection at two different institutes between February 2013 and June 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were categorized into the negative group and the positive group according to whether there was LNM. Risk factors for LNM were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. The nomogram was used to estimate the individual risk of LNM.Results: Forty-six (18.9%) of the 243 patients with pT1 ESCC exhibited LNM. The LNM rate in patients with stage T1a disease was 5.7% (5/88), and the rate in patients with stage T1b disease was 26.5% (41/155).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that tumor differentiation [odds ratio (OR) =1.942, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.067-3.536, P=0.030], the T1 sub-stage (OR =4.750, 95% CI: 1.658-13.611, P=0.004), the preoperative alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase ratio (LSR) (OR =5.371, 95% CI: 1.676-17.210, P=0.005), and the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level (OR =5.894, 95% CI: 1.917-18.124, P=0.002) were independent risk factors for LNM. The nomogram had relatively high accuracy, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.803 (95% CI: 0.732-0.873). The calibration curve showed that the predicted probability of LNM was in good agreement with the actual probability.Conclusions: Clinicopathological and hematological parameters of tumor differentiation, the T1 substage, the preoperative LSR, and the HDL-C level may predict the risk of LNM in T1 ESCC. The risk of LNM can be predicted by the nomogram.
The present retrospective study was designed to review the clinicopathological features and outcome of surgical treatment of pulmonary chondroma, and to accumulate data for the clinical diagnosis and therapy. The clinicopathological data from 29 patients, aged between 38- and 78-years-old, with pulmonary chondroma who underwent surgical operation between July 2003 and June 2015 were reviewed. Of these patients, 18 exhibited no clinical symptoms, 7 were characterized by coughing, hemoptysis, shortness of breath and other symptoms and only 3 patients exhibited chest pain as the predominant symptom. The average size of the neoplasms was 3.6 cm. All patients were pathologically diagnosed. Operative time was 126±22 min, the mean intraoperative blood loss was 82±23 ml and the drainage duration was 3.1±1.8 days. A total of 6 postoperative complications were noted. The patients were followed-up for 2–135 months. A total of 23 patients were alive without recurrence, 4 patients succumbed to mortality, 2 patients were lost at follow-up. Pulmonary chondroma is a rare benign tumor of the lung. The clinical symptoms were concealed and often misdiagnosed as a tuberculosis tumor, hamartoma, peripheral lung cancer or a single metastatic tumor. Complete resection was the best treatment providing patients with a good prognosis. After definite diagnosis, it is necessary to exclude Carney's triad.
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