A comparative analysis of adsorption of six normal-alkanes (C N H 2N+2 , N = 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16) on Fe(110), FeO(110), and Fe 2 O 3 (0001) was carried out using classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. A realistic model system for adsorbed alkanes was employed using the COMPASS force field (FF), while the appropriate relaxed surfaces and an effective interfacial potential were obtained from ab initio calculations. The results show that butane molecules orient randomly on Fe(110) and Fe 2 O 3 (0001) surfaces, but they preferentially orient in the (010) direction on FeO (110) at low temperature. Additionally, alkanes adsorb physically on Fe(110), FeO(110), and Fe 2 O 3 (0001), in the following decreasing order Fe(110) > FeO(110) > Fe 2 O 3 (0001). The adsorption energies per saturated carbon site decrease with an increase of molecular chain length, and this propensity is similar for different surface potentials. In contrast, the saturated carbon density is insensitive to the surface potentials and shows an increasing trend for short alkane chains, but it remains steady for longer chains.
The paper proposes an analytical approach to investigate the synchronization of the two coupled exciters in a vibrating system of spatial motion. Introducing the disturbance parameters for average angular velocity of two exciters, we deduce the non-dimensional coupling equations of angular velocities of two exciters, in which the inertia coupling matrix is symmetric and the stiffness coupling matrix is antisymmetric in a non-resonant vibrating system. The analysis of the coupling dynamic characteristic shows that the coupled cosine effect of the phase angles will cause the torque acting on two motors to limit the increase of phase difference between two exciters as well as sustain its symmetry of two exciters during the running process. It physically explains the peculiarity of self-synchronization of two exciters. The cosine effect of phase angles of the vibrations excited by each exciter will decrease its moment of inertia. The residual moment of inertia of each exciter represents its relative moment of inertia. The stability condition of synchronization of two exciters is that the relative non-dimensional moments of inertia of two exciters are all greater than zero and four times their product is greater than the square of their coefficient of coupled cosine effect of phase angles, which is equivalent to that the inertia coupling matrix is positive The project was supported by Liaoning Province definite and all its elements are positive. The numeric results show that the structure of the vibrating system can ensure the stability condition of synchronous operation.
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