Piracetam là thuốc chữa bệnh, cần dùng theo sự chỉ định của bác sĩ. Nghiên cứu này nhằm mục tiêu Khảo sát thực trạng chỉ định điều trị piracetam và khảo sát tương tác thuốc của piracetam trong điều trị tại Bệnh viện Mắt - Tai mũi họng - Răng hàm mặt tỉnh An Giang. Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang được thực hiện tại một thời điểm tháng 01 đến tháng 06 năm 2021, mỗi đối tượng (đơn điều trị ngoại trú) chỉ thu thập thông tin một lần và không theo dõi xuôi theo thời gian. Kết quả cho thấy: Độ tuổi sử dụng piracetam chiếm tỉ lệ cao là 45-84; Hầu hết bệnh nhân nhập viện do chứng chóng mặt và suy giảm trí nhớ tuổi già; Tại bệnh viện, piracetam được chỉ định cho chứng chóng mặt và suy giảm trí nhớ ở tuổi già; Thận trọng và chống chỉ định; Piracetam khá an toàn trên lâm sàng; Tác dụng phụ xuất hiện ít; Piracetam được chỉ định thống nhất ở Dược thư, Martindale, BNF, Medscape, drugs.com và chuyên luận của Nootropil; Bệnh viện đã tuân thủ cao các khuyến cáo về thận trọng và chống chỉ định của piracetam. Hiệu quả sử dụng piracetam vẫn chưa rõ ràng vì thế bác sĩ điều trị cần cân nhắc khi chỉ định piracetam cho bệnh nhân.
The 109 meridian fault is located in the west of the South China Sea (SCS) connecting to the offshore Red River Shear Zone. Seismic data from the central Vietnamese shelf indicates that many submarine landslides were developed along the steep continental slope in this offshore region. Here, we analyze the potential for such landslides to trigger damaging tsunamis based on the local geological background and sedimentary environment. We assess their tsunamigenic potential along the coast of Southern Central Vietnam (SCV). We point out that the evolutionary processes of the 109° meridian fault: striking-subsidence of the adjacent basin, combined with the high sediment input from numerous montane rivers of the hinterland generate conditions that likely favor the development of submarine landslides along the well-defined and steep continental slope near SCV. To estimate the impact of tsunami waves on the SCV coastline, we conducted a pilot study using two numerical models: NHWAVE and FUNWAVE-TVD to model 4 representative landslides with volumes ranging between 1.3 and 14 km3 and water depth of 300–1000 m. The submarine landslides were treated as rigid slump and deformable slide corresponding to two different sedimentary environments. Our results show that the tsunami waves generated by rigid slump can reach up to 20 m height in the landslide source area and ∼5 m when arriving at the closest coastline. Tsunami waves could arrive at the central Vietnam coast within 30 min in eight scenarios. Our initial results also suggest that seafloor topography, i.e., waveguide effects of ocean ridges, shelf resonance and the potential bay resonance cause significant variability in potential run-up. We note that ocean ridges located in the deep basin of the SCS focus the tsunami energy propagating towards the northwest coast of Luzon Island, Philippines where tsunami wave heights of ∼2.3 m wave height are modeled. These findings underscore the importance of tsunami hazard assessments that account for both earthquake generated and earthquake triggered tsunamis. Our work also highlights a continued need to examine tsunami sources in the region as mitigation and preparedness for the socio-economically important and heavily populated coastlines of the SCS is reliant on a detailed understanding of the hazard.
<p>The 109 meridian fault is located in the west of the South China Sea (SCS) connecting to the offshore Red River Shear Zone. The evolution processes of the 109 meridian fault: striking-uplifting-subsidence of adjacent basin led to a nearly 1000m sharp bathymetric difference in the offshore region of central Vietnam. Combined with the high sediment input from numerous montane rivers in the rising hinterland, the continental slope near central Vietnam possesses the ideal condition for developing submarine landslides. Seismic data indicates many submarine landslides were developed along the steep continental slope. In this study, we analyze the possible trigger mechanisms of these landslides based on the local geological background and sedimentary environment, and assess their tsunamigenic potential along the coast of the Southern Central Vietnam (SCV). We point out that the landslide failures in this region could be triggered by several mechanisms, including seismic activities in the offshore SCV, volcanic activities, gas seep on the slope and the relative sea-level changes. The seismic and volcanic activities are related directly to the late middle Miocene volcanism generated by the change from left- to right-lateral motion on the Red River Shear Zone, showing that tectonism play a significant role in the generation of submarine landslide in the western continental slope of the SCS. To estimate the impact of tsunami waves on SCV coastline, we use two numerical models&#8212;NHWAVE and FUNWAVE-TVD to model 4 representative landslides with volume ranging between 1-4km<sup>3</sup> and water depth of 300-1000m. The submarine landslides were treated as rigid slump and deformable slide corresponding to two different sedimentary environments. Our results show that the tsunami waves generated by rigid slump can reach up to 20m height in the landslide source area and arrive earlier to the coast of SCV than waves generated by deformable slide. Among these simulated scenarios, tsunami waves generated by the worst-case scenario arrive at the populated cities including Quy Nh&#417;n (109.3&#176;E,13.77&#176;N), Tuy H&#242;a (109.37&#176;E ,13.08&#176;N) and Vung Ro Bay (109.43&#176;E&#65292;12.86&#176;N) in less than 25mins with maximum height of 5m. It is worth mentioning that the Vung Ro Bay will be affected by tsunami waves in all simulated scenarios. We quantify the influence of landslide characteristics (volume, water depth and material) and highlight the local effect of coastal bathymetry on the tsunami generation and propagation which lead to different hazard level of SCV coast.</p>
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