We proposed to investigate the relationship between smoking and pancreatic cancer. From February 2000 to February 2010, we conducted a hospital-based case-control study on pancreatic cancer. Information was collected by questionnaire. Cases were 307 patients with pancreatic cancer, 1,228 were healthy matched controls. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Compared to never smokers, current smokers had a significantly increased risk of pancreatic cancer, OR 1.71 (95% CI 1.25-2.35). Among smokers, a significant association with higher smoking intensity was shown (≥20 cigarettes/day: OR=2.18; 95% CI 1.66-3.69). A significantly decreasing trend in risk with increasing years after smoking cessation was observed (p<0.01). The ORs were 0.73 (95% CI 0.38-1.33) and 0.46 (95% CI 0.21-0.94) for those who had quit smoking for <10 and ≥10 years, respectively. Our case-control study confirmed that cigarette smoking was associated with an increased risk of death from pancreatic cancer.
The aim of this work was to study the plant regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Achyranthes bidentata using cotton EREBP gene. Results showed that the callus induction rate of stems from A. bidentata was the highest (100%) and bud was in approximately 70% of calli from stems. However bud differentiation rate of the callus from leaves and petioles was very low. Compared with ceftriaxone, 200mg/L cefotaxime could completely control Agrobacterium tumefaciens and had relatively less toxic action on the stems of A. bidentata. In addition, the induction rate of callus resistant to hygromycin was the highest when infected for 3 min and co-cultivated for 3 d. Six positive transgenic plants transformed with pCAMBIA1304-GhEREB2 expression vector were obtained and confirmed by PCR. The expression of target gene GhEREB2 was detected in five transgenic plants by RT-PCR. In brief, an efficient system of genetic transformation and plant regeneration was established for A. bidentata.
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