Rab14 binds in a GTP-dependent manner to RUFY1/Rabip4, which had been originally identified as a Rab4 effector. We suggest that Rab14 and Rab4 act sequentially; Rab14 is required for recruitment of RUFY1 onto endosomes and subsequent RUFY1 interaction with Rab4 may allow endosomal tethering and fusion.
This study investigated the body-rotation behavior adopted by pedestrians to avoid others while moving in congested areas. In such scenarios, body orientation often differs from walking direction, e.g., a pedestrian may step sideways.The deviation between body orientation and walking direction during collision avoidance was studied by quantitatively evaluating the body rotation for counter-flows in narrow corridors. Simple experiments, in which two pedestrians passed each other, were conducted. It was found that pedestrians rotated their bodies when the corridor width was smaller than the sum of the widths of the two pedestrians. This behavior was explained by analyzing the geometry of two ellipses circumscribing each other in a narrow corridor. A preliminary model was developed, and the deviation between the body orientation and walking direction during passing was successfully simulated.Finally, a cross-flow experiment, which is much more complex and realistic than the passing experiments, was performed; it was confirmed that body rotation behavior is also a critical factor in complex and realistic scenarios.
Ferromagnetic phase transition in spinel-type CuCr 2 Te 4 has been clearly observed. CuCr 2 Te 4 is a telluride-spinel with the lattice constant a = 11.134 Å, which has been synthesized successfully. The heat capacity exhibits a sharp peak due to the ferromagnetic phase transition with the Curie temperature T c = 326 K. This value of T c corresponds exactly to that of the negative peak of dM/dT in low field of 1.0 Oe. The magnetic susceptibility shows the Curie-Weiss behavior between 380 and 650 K with the effective magnetic moment µ eff = 4.14 µ B per Cr-ion and the Weiss constant Ө = 357 K. The low temperature magnetization indicates the spin-wave excitations, where the existence of first term of Bloch T 3/2 law and the next T 5/2 term are verified experimentally. This spin-wave excitation is detected up to approximately 250 K which is fairly high temperature.
We herein investigated collision-induced
dissociation (CID) processes
of undecagold clusters protected by mixed ligands [Au
11
(PPh
3
)
8
X
2
]
+
(X = Cl,
C≡CPh) using mass spectrometry and density functional theory
calculations. The results showed that the CID produced fragment ions
[Au
x
(PPh
3
)
y
X
z
]
+
with a formal electron
count of eight via sequential loss of PPh
3
ligands and
AuX(PPh
3
) units in a competitive manner, indicating that
the CID channels are governed by the electronic stability of the fragments.
Interestingly, the branching fraction of the loss of the AuX(PPh
3
) units was significantly smaller for X = C≡CPh than
that for X = Cl. We ascribed the effect of X on the branching fractions
of dissociations of PPh
3
and AuX(PPh
3
) to the
steric difference.
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