Sarcopenia as determined using preoperative computed tomography could be used to predict postoperative major complication and prognosis in patients with resected NSCLC. Our results may provide some important information for preoperative management.

In NSCLC patients, positive EGFR mutation status may be associated with longer VDT, which seemed to have a slowly progressive and less-aggressive character. More accurate evaluation of VDT may be helpful for understanding the natural history of EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC and treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Aim: To clarify the correlation between serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA) and metastasis and survival in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Patients and Methods: CEA and CYFRA levels in 131 ALK-rearranged NSCLC patients were determined using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), real time-reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry, using biopsy specimens, cytology specimens, and plasma specimens. Cutoff value of each marker was determined as 10 ng/ml. Results: In logistic regression analysis, higher levels of both markers had a positive relationship with bone metastases, and higher levels of CYFRA was relevant to liver metastases, and multiple-organ metastases. However, these markers were not proven to be poor prognostic factors in Cox's proportional model analysis. Conclusion: Elevated serum CEA and CYFRA levels seem to provide useful clinical information about presence of bone and liver metastasis and multiple-organ metastases, although they were not a powerful indicator of prognosis. These two markers may suggest the extension of metastasis and would be helpful in considering treatment options. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has been widely used in clinical practice as a serum tumor marker for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (1). Cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA) is also one of the representative serum tumor markers used for detection of NSCLC patients in clinical practice (1). CEA is a glycoprotein and CYFRA is a soluble 2095 This article is freely accessible online.

A 39-year-old woman received a seasonal influenza vaccine in November 2015 and subsequently experienced malaise, low-grade fever, and chest discomfort. A chest X-ray performed 2 weeks after vaccination showed multiple nodular shadows in both lungs and ground-glass shadows in both lower lung fields. Her bronchoalveolar lavage fluid contained an unusually high number of lymphocytes, and a drug-induced lymphocyte stimulation test for seasonal influenza vaccine was positive. Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed the presence of granulomatous inflammation. Thereafter her abnormal chest shadow spontaneously improved. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with drug-induced pneumonitis due to an influenza vaccine.

A 71-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital due to hemoptysis. She had a history of hemoptysis occurring five years previously, for which she had been closely followed without treatment. A chest X-ray showed consolidation in the left lower lung field (Picture 1), and chest CT demonstrated abnormal blood vessels in the left lower lobe (Picture 2) and enlargement of the left bronchial artery caused by two aneurysms (Picture 3, 4). One of the aneurysms was