BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to elucidate the factors that cause facial asymmetry by comparing the characteristics of the mandibular morphology in patients with mandibular prognathism with or without facial asymmetry using three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT).MethodsWe studied 28 mandibular prognathism patients whose menton deviated by ≥ 4 mm from the midline (FA group, n = 14) and those with a < 4-mm deviation (NA group, n = 14). DICOM data from multislice CT images were reconstructed and analysed using 3D image analysing software. Mandibular structures were assessed via linear, angular, or volumetric measurements and analysed statistically.ResultsThe lengths of the ramal and body components and condylar volume in the FA group were significantly greater on the nondeviated side than those on the deviated side. The mandibular body length of the nondeviated side in the FA group was significantly longer than that of the NA group. Other components of the FA group did not significantly differ from those of the NA group.ConclusionsImbalances in the sizes of the ramal and body components as well as the increased body length of the nondeviated side in the FA group compared with that of the NA group may contribute to facial asymmetry in patients with mandibular prognathism.
Collagen is expected to work as a bonding agent of soft and hard tissues to solid materials. In this study, the electrodeposition of collagen to a titanium (Ti) surface under various conditions, i.e., the pH of the collagen solution, potential, and electrodeposition time, was performed to understand the optimal electrodeposition conditions for the immobilization of collagen to Ti. The effects of these conditions on the thickness and residual ratio of the collagen layer after shaking in water were evaluated by ellipsometry, scanning probe microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Collagen molecules were attracted to Ti cathode and immobilized with high durability by combining electrodeposition conditions, pH 5, alternating potential between À1 V and +1 V vs. SCE with 1 Hz, and 1800 s. The surface of this electrodeposited collagen layer was smooth and uniform maintaining the collagen fibril and natural structure. On the other hand, the collagen layer immobilized by immersion technique in a collagen solution, was rough and irregular. Electrodeposition with alternating potential at pH 5 for 1800 s is a much more appropriate technique to immobilize collagen to Ti than the conventional immersion technique.
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