Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a highly successful technique used in commercial immunoassays for clinical diagnosis. Developing an ECL-based multiplex immunoassay, with the potential to enable high-throughput detection of multiple biomarkers simultaneously, remains a current research interest yet is limited by a narrow choice of ECL luminophores. Herein we report the synthesis, photophysics, electrochemistry, and ECL of several new ruthenium­(II) and iridium­(III) complexes, three of which are eventually used as signal reporters for multiplex immunoassay. The ECL behaviors of individual luminophores and their mixtures were investigated in multiple modes, including light intensity, spectrum, and image measurements. The spectral peak separation between Ru­(bpy)2(dvbpy)2+ (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, dvbpy = 4,4′-bis­(4-vinylphenyl)-2,2′-bipyridine), and Ir­(dFCF3ppy)2(dtbbpy)+ (dFCF3ppy = 3,5-difluoro-2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]­phenyl, dtbbpy = 4,4′-bis­(tert-butyl)-2,2′-bipyridine) was up to 145 nm, thus providing the spectrum-resolved possibility of identifying light signals. The potential-resolved ECL signals were achieved for the mixtures of Ir­(ppy)3 (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine) with either Ru­(bpy)2(dvbpy)2+ or Ir­(dFCF3ppy)2(dtbbpy)+, due to the self-annihilation ECL of Ir­(ppy)3 at higher potentials, as confirmed by electrochemistry-coupled mass spectrometry. A multiplex immunoassay free of spatial spotting antibodies on plates or substrates was ultimately devised by combining luminophore-loaded polymer beads with the homogeneous sandwich immunoreaction. Using potential and spectrum dual-resolved ECL as the readout signal, simultaneous recognition of three antigens, namely, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG), was demonstrated in a single run for a sample volume of 300 μL. These results contribute to the understanding of ECL generation by multiple luminophores and devising spot-free multiplex immunoassays with less sample consumption.

Cell‐matrix adhesions play essential roles in a variety of biological processes. Herein, we report a label‐free method to map cell‐matrix adhesions of single living cells on an electrode surface by electrochemiluminescence (ECL). An indium tin oxide electrode modified with a silica nanochannel membrane was used as the substrate electrode, at which the ECL generation from freely diffusing luminophores provided a distinct visual contrast between adhesion sites and noncontacted domains, thus selectively revealing the former in a label‐free manner. With this methodology, we studied the spatial distribution, as well as dynamic variation, of cell‐matrix adhesions and the adhesion strength at the subcellular level. Cell‐matrix adhesions of an advancing cell sheet were finally imaged to study the movement of cells in collective migration. A statistical analysis suggests that cells on the far side of leading edge also have the propensity to migrate and do not act as just passive followers.

Cell junctions are protein structures located at specific cell membrane domains that determine key processes in multicellular development. Here we report spatially selective imaging of cell junctions by electrochemiluminescence (ECL) microscopy. By regulating the concentrations of luminophore and/or co-reactant, the thickness of ECL layer can be controlled to match with the spatial location of different cell junctions. At a low concentration of luminophore, ECL generation is confined to the electrode surface, thus revealing only cell-matrix adhesions at the bottom of cells. While at a high concentration of luminophore, the ECL layer can be remarkably extended by decreasing the co-reactant concentration, thus allowing the sequential imaging of cell-matrix and cell-cell junctions at the bottom and near the apical surface of cells, respectively. This strategy not only provides new insights into the ECL mechanisms but also promises wide applications of ECL microscopy in bioimaging.Cell junctions are specific domains on the cell membrane that tether cells to the extracellular matrix or connect the lateral surfaces of adjacent cells. [1] The junctions located at the bottom of basal cell membrane are called cell-matrix adhesions, while those near the apical surface of cell are termed as cell-cell junctions. [2] They are not only responsible for the physical integration of individual cells to threedimensional tissues, [3] but also regulate a variety of biological processes in multicellular organisms, such as neuronal pathfinding, embryonic development, cancer invasion and metastasis. [4] Although cell junctions have distinct structures and functions, they are all involved in a continuous crosstalk. [5] Knowing precisely how cell-matrix and cell-cell junctions are distributed in the cellular structure is critical for understanding their functions and associated biological events. Surfacesensitive methods such as interference reflection, [6] total internal reflection fluorescence [7] and surface plasmon resonance microscopies [8] have been used in mapping cell-matrix adhesions, while electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy (in particular confocal laser scanning microscopy, CLSM) are the most frequently used methods for imaging cell-cell junctions, [9] which however often require expensive facilities or specific immunofluorescent labelling.

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a powerful transduction technique in biosensing and diagnostics, while mechanistic studies are still scarce. Herein we report the combined use of microtube electrode (MTE) and microscopy to measure the thickness of ECL layer (TEL) to decipher reaction mechanisms. For the classical system involving tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium and tri-n-propylamine, the ECL pattern generated at the MTE tends to change from ring to spot upon increasing the luminophore concentration, with the TEL varying from ca. 3.1 mm to > 4.5 mm. This variation is rationalized to arise from the contribution of the so-called catalytic route. While using 2-(dibutylamino)ethanol as the coreactant, the ECL pattern remains ring-shaped and independent on the luminophore concentration. The TEL in this case is ca. 2.1 mm, implying that ECL generation is always surfaceconfined. MTEs can thus act as optical rulers for measuring the TEL and providing insightful mechanistic information.

Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at Inkjet printed thin and uniform dielectrics for capacitors and organic thin film transistors enabled by the coffee ring effect Graddage, Neil; Chu, Ta-Ya; Ding, Heping; Py, Christophe; Dadvand, Afshin; Tao, Ye http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=fr L'accès à ce site Web et l'utilisation de son contenu sont assujettis aux conditions présentées dans le site LISEZ CES CONDITIONS ATTENTIVEMENT AVANT D'UTILISER CE SITE WEB. NRC Publications Record / Notice d'Archives des publications de CNRC:http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=21277466&lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=21277466&lang=fr READ THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS WEBSITE.http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en Vous avez des questions? Nous pouvons vous aider. Pour communiquer directement avec un auteur, consultez la première page de la revue dans laquelle son article a été publié afin de trouver ses coordonnées. Si vous n'arrivez pas à les repérer, communiquez avec nous à PublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. Questions? Contact the NRC Publications Archive team atPublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. If you wish to email the authors directly, please see the first page of the publication for their contact information. NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2015.11.039Organic Electronics: physics, materials, applications, 29, pp. 114-119, 2015-12-14 Inkjet printed thin and uniform dielectrics for capacitors and organic thin film transistors enabled by the coffee ring effect  The thin and uniform dielectric enabled high performance TFTs and logic gates.