The solubility of seven nonelectrolytes in nonpolar solvents and the activity of the solvent in saturated solutions have been investigated as functions of temperature. The activity of the solvent and the solubility of the solid have been correlated. A function invariant along the saturation line has been discovered. An exact differential equation for the temperature dependence of the activity of solvent along the liquidus of an eutectic system has been derived. The integration of this equation on the assumption that the enthalpy of solution is a linear function of temperature yields a two-parameter ( , ß) solubility equation.Experimental and calculated solubilities agree well for all 11 systems studied. The influence of and ß on solubility curves is discussed. Simple one-parameter solubility equations are proposed. A method of predicting solid-liquid phase diagrams from a single point coordinate is given.
The association model proposed formerly has been used together with the other models to predict excess heat capacities of alkan-1-oh-alkane systems for concentrations up to 0.02 mole fraction of the alcohol. All of the model parameters (i.e. standard entropies and standard enthalpies of association) have been estimated from the spectroscopic data of pure ethanol. The prediction accuracy of the proposed model of successive association taking into account both linear and cyclic multimers is fairly good, slightly but distinctly higher than that of the monomer-tetramer model. It disagrees with the conception of predominance of tetramers in the solutions studied as was suggested by Costas and Patterson. The other models give quite unacceptable results.
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