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Background: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is often associated with other clinical or serological markers of non-organ-specific autoimmunity. Objective: ToevaluatetherelationshipbetweenNMOspectrum disorders (NMOSDs), including NMO, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, and recurrent optic neuritis, and autoimmune disease. We concentrated on the association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjögren syndrome (SS), or serological evidence of these disorders, which commonly is a source of diagnostic confusion.

Aquaporin-4 autoimmunity is a distinctive recurrent and widespread inflammatory CNS disease in children.

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