The aim of this paper is to develop and propose a framework, termed here as the Value Package Prism, for assessing the kinds of management processes and flexibility available in providing a range of value packages (services and goods offering mix). It provides an additional perspective to the traditional set of characteristics (intangibility, inseparability, heterogeneity, and perishability) for differentiating services and goods. The proposed framework (stockability, intensity of interaction, simultaneousness of consumption, and ease of performance assessment) may be useful to operations managers in developing, planning, organizing, or controlling the production and delivery of services or goods, offering an applied way to improve operations management by moving away from the extremes of pure services and pure goods to embrace how businesses compete and operate today, by delivering value packages.
There is growing social pressure for organizations to reduce their rates of consumption of nonrenewable natural resources and in parallel, to also reduce the release of post-production and postconsumption waste to landfills, water bodies and air, thereby causing damage to the environment. To respond to the pressure it is necessary that organizations' operations prioritize the "3R" goals: Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. In this context, the so called reverse logistics flows have grown in importance in the study of supply chains. Examples are the components and materials that are collected after they are consumed or used. Instead of being sent to the landfill companies use reverse logistics to transport them back in supply chains to be reused or, recycled and reincorporated as secondary input material for new production. This article aims, through the review of related legislation in Brazil, relevant literature and a number of Brazilian and international case studies to develop a basic framework to be used in the development and implementation of reverse logistics systems (RLS).
RESUMO: Esteartigo analisa o impacto, na competitividade das empresas, da crescente utilização em nível nacional e mundial, dos denominados "sistemas de programação da produção com capacidade finita". Para tanto, o artigo conceitua estes sistemas, bem como discute as possíveisimplicações decorrentes da implanta ção destes sistemas na estratégia de manufatura das empresas. Os autores propõem uma classificação destes sistemas e apresentam brevemente aqueles comercialmente disponíveis no Brasil.
ABSTRACT:This paper examines the impad of the increasing/y growing
This study aims to investigate whether, and the means by which, supply chain managers of large manufacturing companies adopt a context-dependent approach (also called contingency approach) in their supply chain decisions; it empirically explores the correlation between logistics complexity-related contextual conditions and supply chain management (SCM) objectives and decision areas. The study involves a comprehensive literature review, followed by an analysis of survey data (based on a sample of 108 large manufacturing companies in Brazil), using cluster analysis, factor analysis and binary logistic regression. In this study, we not only investigate the major effects of supply chain objectives and decision areas as predictors of the logistics complexity of manufacturing but also investigate their second order interactions. Statistically significant relationships were found between logistics complexity-related contextual conditions and objectives and decision areas involving the supply chain. The managers of large companies who were surveyed considered different objectives and decision areas to be critical to the achievement of supply chain excellence when their companies had different levels of logistics complexity.
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