This study was motivated by the incomprehension of some elementary school teachers about topic learning and how to teach the topic learning of speaking skill in elementary school students. This study aims to evaluate speaking skill of elementary school students through the development of speaking skill instruments and analyzed in Rasch model. The study employed descriptive analysis with a cross-sectional design. The participants of the study were the students of a State Elementary School in Indonesia consisting of 43 students of grade VI at Layungsari Elementary School and 47 students of grade VI at Balandongan elementary school. The results of the analysis show that the construct of the instrument used measures one variable, namely is speaking skill of elementary school students and from 90 participants, 14 people (15.5%) are included in the high ability category, the category there are 63 moderate abilities (70%), and 13 (14.4%) low ability categories.
This research was motivated by a change in the learning paradigm at every level of education, especially in elementary schools during the covid-19 period so that students did learning at home using technology assistance. The decline in student learning motivation during the COVID-19 pandemic is something that needs to be considered because learning motivation will affect student learning activities. This study aims to determine the effect of family environmental conditions on students' learning motivation. This research activity was carried out by following the steps of the correlational research methodology using a questionnaire or questionnaire as a tool in the data collection process. The subjects in this study were fifth-grade elementary school students in Ratawangi Village. The learning motivation variable instrument (y) developed Keller's (1987) theory, namely aspects of attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction. Data collected from questionnaires were analyzed using the SPSS IBM.16 application and then interpreted based on the objectives of the researcher so that the level of influence of family environmental conditions on students' learning motivation was known. Based on the research conducted, it was found that the level of influence of the family environment on the learning motivation of students was 35.3%. The strength of the relationship between the family environment and students' learning motivation in online learning in WhatsApp Group is in the medium category.
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