Historically, great powers have gone to great lengths to guarantee the energy necessary to compete in the international system. Today, as fossil fuel sources diminish and energy demands increase, the most powerful States, specifically China and the United States, are competing for energy resources, including renewable energy sources, while continuing to protect and procure remaining nonrenewable sources around the world. As such, this article's goals are: 1) to offer a brief overview of energy security; 2) to present a brief overview of the energy scenarios of China and the United States; 3) to show that China is investing more in renewable energy than the United States due, in part, to the domestic endowment of shale gas of the latter, and the imperative need to diversify the energy sources of the former.
RESUMO. Existe um consenso na literatura sobre turismo de que esta atividade significa um passaporte para o desenvolvimento de países e regiões periféricas. Contudo, dados disponíveis sobre a atividade turística evidenciam a existência de uma concentração da renda gerada pelo setor. O artigo mostrará que tanto os fluxos de turistas quanto as receitas turísticas estão concentradas nas economias centrais e que as principais empresas hoteleiras estão sediadas nessas economias. Também explicaremos nosso ponto de vista sobre o sentido do desenvolvimento turístico nas periferias do capitalismo, mostrando esta atividade como uma forma de modernização e de reforço das relações históricas entre o centro e a periferia.Palavras-chave: desenvolvimento, periferia, atividade turística.ABSTRACT. There is a consensus in the literature about tourism that this activity means a passport to the development of countries and peripheral regions. However, data on tourism activity demonstrate the existence of a concentration of wealth generated by this economic sector. The article shows that both the flow of tourists and tourism revenues are concentrated in the central economies and that the major hotel companies are headquartered in these economies. We will also explain our point of view about the meaning of touristic development on the peripheries of capitalism, showing this activity as a way to modernize and strengthen the historical relations between the center and the periphery.
In this paper we examine the BRICS by focusing on one of its member states: Brazil. More specifically, we focus on the relationship between Brazilian foreign policy under President Lula (2003Lula ( -2010
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