These findings indicate that out-of-school participation is significantly different for children with HFASD than for typically developing peers. Findings suggest that social impairment is related to some aspects of participation and that addressing social skills in intervention could contribute to increased participation in out-of-school activities by children with HFASD, which would contribute to their long-term mental and physical health.
The alternative method is the only reliable technique that is predictive of hip stability for small fracture fragments while also being predictive of instability for large fracture fragments. However, these findings are based on small patient numbers, and there remain a substantial number of fractures involving 20% or more of the posterior wall that are both stable and unstable by examination under anesthesia. Therefore, given the low risk of the stress examination and the inherent problems making the computed tomography measurements, dynamic fluoroscopic stress testing under general anesthesia should be the preferred method for the determination of hip stability status after posterior wall fractures of the acetabulum.
Meta-analysis is a popular and frequently used statistical technique used to combine data from several studies and reexamine the effectiveness of treatment interventions. As the number of articles using meta-analysis increases, understanding of the benefits and drawbacks of the technique is essential.Well-conducted systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials are regarded as representing a high level of evidence. 28Practicing in an evidence-based manner is a recognized goal for the profession. Systematic reviews are used to answer questions 7,10,40 about the evidence supporting or refuting the effectiveness or efficacy of an intervention. When certain conditions are met, a systematic review may be extended to include a metaanalysis, a statistical procedure used to numerically summarize the included studies' treatment effect.56 A meta-analysis provides a single, overall measure of the treatment effect, enhancing the clinical interpretation of findings across several studies. Because of its increasing use, T T SYNOPSIS: With the focus on evidencebased practice in healthcare, a well-conducted systematic review that includes a meta-analysis where indicated represents a high level of evidence for treatment effectiveness. The purpose of this commentary is to assist clinicians in understanding meta-analysis as a statistical tool using both published articles and explanations of components of the technique. We describe what meta-analysis is, what heterogeneity is, and how it affects metaanalysis, effect size, the modeling techniques of meta-analysis, and strengths and weaknesses of meta-analysis. Common components like forest plot interpretation, software that may be used, special cases for meta-analysis, such as subgroup analysis, individual patient data, and meta-regression, and a discussion of criticisms, are included. Ther 2011;41(7):496-504. doi:10.2519/jospt.2011 high level of evidence, and enhanced clinical interpretation of treatment effects, interpreting a meta-analysis is an important skill for physical therapists. The purpose of this commentary is to expand on existing articles describing meta-analysis interpretation, 6,13,14,42,61 discuss differences in the results of a meta-analysis based on the treatment questions, explore special cases in the use of meta-analysis, and provide physical therapists guidance in interpreting a meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys WHY META-ANALYSIS
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