Compared to paracervical block, intrauterine lidocaine may be the preferred anaesthesia for endometrial biopsy, and it does not cause any serious complications.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between overactive bladder (OAB), metabolic syndrome (MetS) and serum nerve growth factors (NGF). Study Design: Serum samples from a group of 90 women that included patients with OAB (group 1), patients with both OAB and MetS (group 2) and healthy women without OAB and MetS (group 3). Each group included 30 patients. Serum levels of NGF were compared among the groups. Results: When the groups were compared with respect to NGF levels, group 2 was found to have significantly higher NGF levels (p = 0.001). A NGF threshold of >380 ng/mL had a sensitivity of 81.7% and a specificity of 100% to discriminate between groups 2 and 3. Conclusion: Our findings support the theory that possible sympathetic overactivity, proinflammatory status, oxidative stress and other pathological conditions associated with MetS and potentially involved in the development of OAB lead to increased serum NGF levels. These findings may help to shed light on the complicated pathogenesis of OAB.
Objective:We reviewed the data of the termination of pregnancy (TOP) cases between 2002 and 2010 to evaluate the changes in fetal indications for both early and late TOPs in this period.
Material and Methods:The data of 962 TOP cases were analysed in two groups according to the periods as in 2002-2006 and 2007-2010. The women were also subdivided into two categories according to their gestational age; <23 weeks' gestation (early termination) and ≥23 weeks' gestation (late termination).Results: Four hundred and fifty-eight (47.6%) of TOPs were performed between 2002 and 2006 (Group 1) and 504 (52.3%) were performed between 2007 and 2010 (Group 2). The number of early (<23 weeks) and late (≥23 weeks) terminations were 583 (60.6%) and 379 (39.3%), respectively. The vast majority of anomalies were central nervous sytem malformations (51.8%). They were followed by multiple anomalies (10.2%) and chromosomal anomalies (9.4%). Chromosomal and cardiovascular system anomalies were significantly higher in 2007-2010 in comparison to 2002-2006 (p<0.0001 and p=0.002, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between the fetal indications that led to early termination compared to those that led to late termination.
Conclusion:The distribution of indications for TOP was influenced by the development in prenatal screening policy, resulting in a significant increase in terminations due to chromosomal and cardiovascular system anomalies. Cultural, educational, religious and legal factors cause differences in the indications for TOP as well as the gestational age that TOPS are performed. Sonuç: Terminasyon endikasyonlarının dağılımı prenatal tarama politikalarındaki gelişimden etkilenmiş, buna bağlı olarak kromozom ve kardiyovaskuler sistem anomalileri nedeniyle yapılan terminasyonların sayısı önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Kültürel, eğitimsel, dini ve yasal faktörler terminasyon yapıldığı gebelik haftasının yanı sıra terminasyon endikasyonlarında da değişikliklere yol açmaktadır. (J Turkish-German Gynecol Assoc 2012; 13: 85-90)
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.