Majority of the developing countries are facing problem of low supply voltage coupled with shortage of electrical energy. There is a growing concern for ways and means to preserve the existing resources and optimize the performance of EPDS (Electric Power Distribution System). Poor condition of distribution network, utilization of low current carrying capacity conductors with overloading is mainly causing the voltage drop, power loss and energy loss in the LVDN (Low Voltage Distribution Networks). Most of developing countriesare encountered with financial problems to ward up gradation of the existing network. Under such circumstances, it is essential to optimize the low voltage distribution network using innovative approach to design the LVDN. In thiswork, ahybrid rehabilitation techniqueis used for the performance improvement of LVD utilities network. Most of the availablealgorithms areconsidering the distribution networks with balance distributed load andunity power factor. The proposed methodology has been applied to LVDN, working under randomly distributed load with low power factor. The technique is applied to improve the efficiency of LVDN in terms of power loss and voltage drop reduction. Optimization of three different circuits of village QutabFerozal, Banth and Pothi Mandra of IESCO, has been selected as a case study. The analysis has been performed using ELR (Energy Loss Reduction) and CADPAD (Computer Aided Distribution Planning and Design) software. Field visits have been conducted to acquire the real data of various LVDN configurations. Simulation results are validated with the actual data of the selected LVDN feeders and found within the permissible limits.
The rapid increase in the population and fastest development in the industrial sector has increased the energy demand throughout the world. Frequent outages and load shedding has seriously deteriorated the efficiency of the electrical power distribution system. Under such circumstances, the implementation of Distributed Generation (DG) is increasing. Small hydel generators are considered as the most-clean and economical for generating electrical energy. These are very complex nonlinear generators which usually exhibits low frequency electromechanical oscillations due to insufficient damping caused by severe operating conditions. These DGs are not connected to the utility in many cases because, under varying load, they cannot maintain the frequency to the permissible value. This work presents detailed analysis of operating characteristics and proposes a hybrid frequency control strategy of the small hydel systems. The simulation and testing is performed in MATLAB, the results verified the improved performance with the recommended method. The proposed method conserves half of the power consumption. The control scheme regulates the dump load by connecting and disconnecting it affectively. The application of presented methodology is convenient in the deregulated environment, especially under the severe shortage of energy. The proposed model keeps the frequency of system at desired level. It reduces the noise, thereby improving the response time of the designed controller as compared to conventional controllers. The innovative scheme also provides power for small scale industrial, agricultural and other domestic application of far-off areas where the supply of utility main grid is difficult to provide. The recommended scheme is environmental friendly and easy to implement wherever small hydel resources are available.
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