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with low specific capacity (372 mAh g −1 ) have limited the development of high energy density batteries. [4][5][6] Among various anode materials, SnS 2 has attracted increasing attention as a potential candidate for LIBs/SIBs owing to its typical 2D structure, high theoretical capacity (1137 mAh g −1 for LIBs and 1022 mAh g −1 for SIBs), environmental friendless and the source availability. [7][8][9] Besides, the large layer spacing (0.59 nm), weaker SnS bonding and subsequent conversion and alloying reactions in electrochemical process promise the broad pathways for fast Li + /Na + diffusion, boosted electrochemical kinetics and high capacity. [10][11][12][13] However, the insufferable poor electrical conductivity and the large volume expansion of SnS 2 during the electrochemical reactions lead to the enormous capacity loss and deteriorative stability, thus hindering its further practical application.To address these challenges, the strategies for improving the electrochemical performance of SnS 2 include: i) designing various nanostructured materials to shorten the electron and ion diffusion distance, such as ultrafine nanosheets with high active (001) and (100) facets and porous structures; [14][15][16] ii) compositing with carbonaceous materials as the supporting matrix to improve the conductivity and structure stability, such as carbon fiber, graphene, etc.; [17][18][19][20] iii) constructing hollow nanostructures with void space to accommodate huge volume changes. [21][22][23] Among these methods, yolk-shell nanostructures confining SnS 2 by carbonaceous matrix have been demonstrated as an attractive choice to accommodate the volume expansion and enhance kinetics of SnS 2 . [24,25] For example, Sun et al. prepared a yolk-shell structure of SnS 2 nanoparticle encapsulated in nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanobox, exhibiting considerable capacity, excellent cycling stability, and good rate capability in both SIBs and PIBs. [24] Recently, the typical 2D nanosheets have attracted lots of attentions in pseudocapacitive contribution which has been proposed as an effective way to enhance the battery capacity and cyclic stability. [26][27][28][29] Thus, it is convinced that the SnS 2 nanosheet confined in rational yolkshell structure is an ideal design for high performance anodes. However, the fabrication of ideal yolk-shell structure encapsulating SnS 2 nanosheets inside is plagued with the two main challenges: first, most of SnS 2 nanomaterials are encapsulated Herein, a rational design of SnS 2 nanosheets confined into bubble-like carbon nanoreactors anchored on N,S doped carbon nanofibers (SnS 2 @C/CNF) is proposed to prepare the self-standing electrodes, which provides tunable void space on carbon fibers for the first time by introducing hollow carbon nanoreactors. The SnS 2 @C/CNF provides the stable support with greatly enhanced ion and electron transport, alleviates aggregation and volume expansion of SnS 2 nanosheets, and promotes the formation of abundant exposed edges and active sites. The volume balanc...

Companies are increasingly using artificial intelligence (AI) technology to generate promising concepts for new products which are then marketed to consumers as "AIdesigned." Drawing on four studies and follow-up studies, this paper explores consumer perceptions of AI design. Based on the information gap model, the studies determine that, compared with professional-designed products, consumers are more willing to pay for products designed by AI, in which process curiosity plays an intermediary role (Study 1). Crucially, this research also predicts the boundary conditions for the positive effects of AI design. High levels of consumer knowledge lead to an attenuation in consumer curiosity regarding AI design, thereby decreasing the willingness to pay (Study 2), while the product type also has a moderating effect on the influence of the product design sources. Consumers are more willing to pay for utilitarian products designed by AI than hedonic products (Study 3). In addition, we reverify that consumers prefer AI-designed products through a field study (Study 4). Finally, the research sheds light on how to utilize AI to promote the success of new product innovation from a marketing perspective, providing important theoretical knowledge and actionable managerial implications for future research.