The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form without written permission from the ESC. Permission can be obtained upon submission of a written request to Oxford University Press, the publisher of the European Heart Journal and the party authorized to handle such permissions on behalf of the ESC (
Aims The 2019 report from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Atlas provides a contemporary analysis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) statistics across 56 member countries, with particular emphasis on international inequalities in disease burden and healthcare delivery together with estimates of progress towards meeting 2025 World Health Organization (WHO) non-communicable disease targets. Methods and results In this report, contemporary CVD statistics are presented for member countries of the ESC. The statistics are drawn from the ESC Atlas which is a repository of CVD data from a variety of sources including the WHO, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, and the World Bank. The Atlas also includes novel ESC sponsored data on human and capital infrastructure and cardiovascular healthcare delivery obtained by annual survey of the national societies of ESC member countries. Across ESC member countries, the prevalence of obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) and diabetes has increased two- to three-fold during the last 30 years making the WHO 2025 target to halt rises in these risk factors unlikely to be achieved. More encouraging have been variable declines in hypertension, smoking, and alcohol consumption but on current trends only the reduction in smoking from 28% to 21% during the last 20 years appears sufficient for the WHO target to be achieved. The median age-standardized prevalence of major risk factors was higher in middle-income compared with high-income ESC member countries for hypertension {23.8% [interquartile range (IQR) 22.5–23.1%] vs. 15.7% (IQR 14.5–21.1%)}, diabetes [7.7% (IQR 7.1–10.1%) vs. 5.6% (IQR 4.8–7.0%)], and among males smoking [43.8% (IQR 37.4–48.0%) vs. 26.0% (IQR 20.9–31.7%)] although among females smoking was less common in middle-income countries [8.7% (IQR 3.0–10.8) vs. 16.7% (IQR 13.9–19.7%)]. There were associated inequalities in disease burden with disability-adjusted life years per 100 000 people due to CVD over three times as high in middle-income [7160 (IQR 5655–8115)] compared with high-income [2235 (IQR 1896–3602)] countries. Cardiovascular disease mortality was also higher in middle-income countries where it accounted for a greater proportion of potential years of life lost compared with high-income countries in both females (43% vs. 28%) and males (39% vs. 28%). Despite the inequalities in disease burden across ESC member countries, survey data from the National Cardiac Societies of the ESC showed that middle-income member countries remain severely under-resourced compared with high-income countries in terms of cardiological person-power and technological infrastructure. Under-resourcing in middle-income countries is associated with a severe procedural deficit compared with high-income countries in terms of coronary intervention, device implantation and cardiac surgical procedures. Conclusion A seemingly inexorable rise in the prevalence of obesity and diabetes currently provides the greatest challenge to achieving further reductions in CVD burden across ESC member countries. Additional challenges are provided by inequalities in disease burden that now require intensification of policy initiatives in order to reduce population risk and prioritize cardiovascular healthcare delivery, particularly in the middle-income countries of the ESC where need is greatest.
Рабочая группа по реваскуляризации миокарда Европейского общества кардиологов (esc) и Европейской ассоциации кардиоторакальных хирургов (eActs) Разработаны с участием Европейской ассоциации по чрескожным сердечно-сосудистым вмешательствам (eApcI) Авторы/члены Рабочей группы: stephan Windecker* (Председатель esc) (Швейцария), philippe Kolh* (Председатель eActs) (Бельгия), Fernando Alfonso (Испания), Jean-philippe collet (Франция), Jochen cremer (Германия), Volkmar Falk (Швейцария), Gerasimos Filippatos (Греция), christian Hamm (Германия), stuart J. Head (Нидерланды), peter Jüni (Швейцария), A. pieter Kappetein (Нидерланды), Adnan Kastrati (Германия), Juhani Knuuti (Финляндия), Ulf Landmesser (Швейцария), Günther Laufer (Австрия), Franz-Josef Neumann (Германия), Dimitrios J. Richter (Греция), patrick schauerte (Германия), Miguel sousa Uva (Португалия), Giulio G. stefanini (Швейцария), David paul taggart (Соединённое Королевство), Lucia torracca (Италия), Marco Valgimigli (Италия), William Wijns (Бельгия), and Adam Witkowski (Польша). В подготовке данных рекомендаций приняли участие следующие подразделе-ния esc: Ассоциации esc: Ассоциация специалистов по острой сердечно-сосудистой помощи (Acute cardiovascular care Association; AccA), Европейская ассоциа-ция специалистов по методам визуализации сердечно-сосудистой системы (european Association of cardiovascular Imaging; eAcVI), Европейская ассоциа-ция специалистов по сердечно-сосудистой профилактике и реабилитации (european Association for cardiovascular prevention & Rehabilitation; eAcpR), Европейская ассоциация аритмологов (european Heart Rhythm Association; eHRA), Ассоциация специалистов по сердечной недостаточности (Heart Failure Association; HFA). КомитетРабочие группы esc: Сердечно-сосудистая клеточная электрофизиология, Магнитная резонансная томография сердечно-сосудистой системы, Сер-дечно-сосудистая фармакология и медикаментозная терапия, Сердечно-сосудистая хирургия, Коронарная патофизиология и микроциркуляция, Ядер-ная кардиология и КТ сердца, Периферическая циркуляция, Тромбоз, Коро-нарная болезнь сердца.Советы esc: Кардиологическая практика, Первичная сердечно-сосудистая помощь, Уход за сердечно-сосудистыми больными, Смежные профессии.Содержание данных рекомендаций, подготовленных Европейским Общест-вом Кардиологов (european society of cardiology, esc) опубликовано исклю-чительно для использования в личных и образовательных целях. Не допуска-ется коммерческое использование содержания рекомендаций. Рекомендации esc не могут быть переведены на другие языки либо воспроизведены, полно-стью или частично, без письменного согласия esc. Для получения данного согласия письменная заявка должна быть направлена в oxford University press -организацию, издающую european Heart Journal и официально упол-номоченную esc, рассматривать подобные заявки.Отказ от ответственности. Рекомендации esc отражают взгляды esc и осно-ваны на тщательном анализе научных данных, доступных во время подготовки данных рекомендаций. Медицинским работникам следует придер живаться данных реко...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.