High work function vanadium oxide (V2OX, X < 5) is expected to induce strong upward band bending at crystalline silicon (c‐Si) surface thus selectively collect photogenerated hole‐carriers. However, the performance of c‐Si solar cells employing V2OX‐based hole‐selective contacts is still under expectation. Herein, we improve the hole‐selectivity of V2OX in combination with NiOX. The innovative V2OX/NiOX stack shows reduced contact resistivity but deteriorated minority carrier lifetime due to undesired interfacial reaction between V2OX and NiOX. Inserting an ultrathin SiOX interlayer suppresses the reaction and preserves the high work function of V2OX. A remarkable power conversion efficiency of 22.03% (fill factor of 83.07%) was achieved on p‐type c‐Si solar cells featuring a full‐area V2OX/SiOX/NiOX rear contact, which is so far the highest value reported for V2OX‐based selective contacts. Our work highlights the significance of implementing p‐type transition‐metal‐oxides to boost the selectivity of V2OX and the like.
The development of materials integrated with ultrasmall multi‐metal nanoparticles (UMMNs) and mesoporous zeolite is a considerable challenge in chemistry and materials science. We designed a trifunctional surfactant, in which the pyridyl benzimidazole in the hydrophobic tail generates the mesopores through π–π stacking; the diquaternary ammonium in the hydrophilic headgroup direct the formation of MFI zeolite sheets and the nitrogen atoms in the heterocyclic rings coordinate with various metal ions to form UMMNs confined in the zeolite matrix after calcination and reduction. A library of 56 UMMNs confined within both micropores and mesopores of MFI zeolites (MMZs) with 4 mono‐, 14 bi‐ and 38 tri‐metallic nanoparticles (sizes of 1.3–4.7 nm) of combinations of Rh, Pd, Pt, Au, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn were made. An improved catalytic performance was exhibited in the sequence of Rh‐MMZ
The development of materials integrated with ultrasmall multi‐metal nanoparticles (UMMNs) and mesoporous zeolite is a considerable challenge in chemistry and materials science. We designed a trifunctional surfactant, in which the pyridyl benzimidazole in the hydrophobic tail generates the mesopores through π–π stacking; the diquaternary ammonium in the hydrophilic headgroup direct the formation of MFI zeolite sheets and the nitrogen atoms in the heterocyclic rings coordinate with various metal ions to form UMMNs confined in the zeolite matrix after calcination and reduction. A library of 56 UMMNs confined within both micropores and mesopores of MFI zeolites (MMZs) with 4 mono‐, 14 bi‐ and 38 tri‐metallic nanoparticles (sizes of 1.3–4.7 nm) of combinations of Rh, Pd, Pt, Au, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn were made. An improved catalytic performance was exhibited in the sequence of Rh‐MMZ
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