Canna (Canna edulis Kerr) was a tuber that had a high carbohydrate content so canna had excellent prospects to develop into edible film. The purpose of this study was to make edible film of canna starch, knowing storability galamai was packed with edible film and determine the level of preference panelists through organoleptic tests. In this research, manufacture of edible films with various concentrations of canna starch 2%, 3%, 4% and the use of plasticizer (glycerol) 1%, 2% and 3% with 100 ml of water as a solven and then applied to galamai as a packaging. Of research on edible film get the best that was produced with the use of starch canna tuber 3% with the addition of 1% glycerol, wherein the edible film produced slightly thick and easily opened from the mold. Of organoleptic test showed that galamai packed with edible films of canna tuber starch 3% was the highest scores of the panelists with categories like. From the Friedman test showed that all three variations of the edible film packaging galamai, provide diversity to the test variable organoleptic (color, aroma, texture and flavor). Galamai was packed with edible film could be stored for 1 month.
Hand sanitizer is an antiseptic in gel form. The gel texture in hand sanitizers is caused by the carbomer which acts as a gelling agent. Therefore, this research was done to observe the effect of carbomer on the value of pH, viscosity, and microbial activity in hand sanitizers. As for testing pH using pH meters, testing viscosity was carried out using the viscometer method, while microbial activity was carried out using the Total Plate Number, Yeast Mold Number and microbial pathogen tests. Based on the data obtained, the carbomer greatly influences the increase in the viscosity of the hand sanitizer gel, the pH value was obtained at 6.0 - 7.06, while in the microbial activity test none of the microbes grew in each medium. Therefore, it can be concluded that the hand sanitizer with code P3 is the best sample
In this study, CaO/SiO2 composites were prepared from rice husk silica (RH-SiO2) and limestone from a local company. The composites with different mass ratios of CaO to SiO2 (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:5, and 1:10) were synthesized using the sol-gel technique and characterized using XRF, XRD, and SEM. The composites were then used as catalysts for the transesterification of palm oil, with the main purpose to investigate the effect of catalyst compositions on the percentage of conversion of the oil. The results of XRD and SEM confirm the existence of RH-SiO2 as an amorphous material, and CaO as crystalline material, while the composites are a mixture of amorphous and crystalline phases. The catalysts were then used in transesterification experiments and the percentage of oil conversion was calculated. To confirm the successful conversion of palm oil into fatty acid methyl esters, the products of the reactions were analyzed using GC-MS. The experimental results demonstrated that the composites prepared exhibit catalytic activity, with the highest conversion (60%) achieved using the catalyst with the CaO to SiO2 ratio of 1:3.
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