RESUME

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Objectives: To determine the key variables that contribute most to the definition of cowpea yield and identify promising varieties for the revival of cowpea production in Côte d'Ivoire. Methods and Results: The study on the yield components was conducted with six improved varieties introduced from IITA. These are: IT86F-2014-1, IT96D-733, IT88DM-363, IT86D-400, IT83S-889 and IT96D-666. The trial was carried out with a RCBD with 4 replications. No chemical treatment was applied on the plants during three months of growing the crop. The data collected were subjected to statistical analysis using SAS software and different cumulative averages were separated by the method of least significant difference (LSD) at 5%. Thus, the six varieties were classified into three maturity groups. The strongest correlations were those between the pod yield (RdtG) and seed yield (RdtGr) with a coefficient r = 0.93 on the one hand and the other hand between the rate of flower abortion (TAv) and the number of pods per plant (NBG / Plt) with a coefficient r =-0.86. Damage was caused by insects and gall nematodes, observed in all varieties with varying degrees of severity. However, some plant and agronomic performance was observed in varieties like IT86F-2014-1 IT88DM-363, IT86D-400 and IT96D-666 had the highest yield of 1.87 to 2.10 t / ha, with relatively low level of parasite attacks. Conclusion and application: The study of yield and its components helped to highlight the performance variables that contribute most to the achievement of performance in a cowpea variety. In addition, this study showed that, generally, in cowpea production, attacks by insects are more significant in terms of flowers, pods and seeds between the 2nd and the 4th fort night after sowing. It is during this period that efficient methods of control should be initiated against insects and pests of cowpea to improve the rate of fruit set of flowers and reduce the abortions. Thus, the yield on seed production can be increased. Therefore, with a system of crop protection allowing good control of parasites, varieties like IT86F-2014-1-363 IT88DM, IT86D-400-733 and IT96D could surpass yields of 1.87 t / ha to 2.10 t / ha obtained and can establish elite varieties for the revival of cowpea in Côte d'Ivoire. They can be used in breeding schemes, production and farming systems.

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Le comportement de deux variétés de gombo, [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench cv Koto et Albelmoschus caillei (A. Chev.) Stevels cv Tomi] a été étudié à travers des dates de semis allant du 15 mai au 14 août 1996, à raison d'un semis tous les 15 jours, à la Station de Recherche sur les Cultures Vivrières du Centre National de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA) de Bouaké (Côte d'Ivoire). Les résultats montrent qu'après le 14 juin, la croissance en hauteur et le développement végétatif des plants diminuaient, et ceux-ci fleurissaient de plus en plus précocement. De même, le rendement en fruits devenait faible. L'installation de la saison sèche, à la fin d'Octobre à Bouaké et la sensibilité des plants à la photopériode, expliqueraient le comportement de ces cultivars de gombo. La période du 15 mai au 14 juin a été retenue comme la mieux indiquée pour le semis du gombo dans cette région de la Côte d'Ivoire.