For the purpose of obtaining comparative data on the effects produced by different testing methods upon the determination of corrosion resistance of metals, tests were carried out on a copper-nickel series, consisting of copper, nickel, and three copper-nickel alloys, all of commercial grade.The testing methods tried out were simple immersion in nonaerated and aerated solutions, repeated immersion -both continuous and intermittent -spray, and an accelerated electrolytic test.The corrosive solutions, all of normal strength, employed were hydrochloric and acetic acids, sodium and ammonium hydroxides, sodium chloride and potassium dichromat e (used as an oxidizing agent). A few supplementary simple immersion tests were made in which nitrogen gas replaced air for agitating the solution. The corrosion rate and the order of relative corrodibility of the five materials were found to vary very considerably for different test methods.The results clearly indicated that the essential features of the service to be met should be incorporated in any corrosion test designed to give information concerning the suitability of a metal for some particular type of service.
CONTENTS Page
Introduction 3 2. Importance of limiting temperatures of rolling rails 5 3. Methods of measuring rail temperatures 6 4. Wickhorst's experiments n 5. Measurements of ingot and finishing temperatures 13 6. Samples and chemical analyses of rail steels 25 7. Mechanical properties of rails 28 8. Melting temperatures of rail steels 30 9. Critical ranges of rail steels 31 10. Observations on microstructure 34 11. Temperature distribution in a cooling rail 45 12. Expansion of rail steels 48 13. " Shrinkage clause" in rail specifications 56 14. Summary and conclusions 60
Prompted by the claim that the ship plates of the Leviathan have shown evidence in service of outstanding superior corrosion resistance, a series of corrosion tests of mild steels, including some Leviathan and other ship plate, was made by the wet-and-dry and the continuous-immersion methods in sea-salt solutions.The steels varied in copper content from a trace to over 0.60 per cent. No differences in corrosion rate were obtained, indicating marked superior corrosion resistance of any of the compositions used. The differences in corrosion behavior observed were those resulting from difference in the test methods employed.The corrosion rate in the wet-and-dr}?test decreased as the surface film was built up but was always much higher than that for simple immersion.
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