The cultural heritage of the italian territory is an impressive breadth of resources, unfortunately still little known today. Such a cultural heritage should be valued for the purpose is to better understand the Italian citizens their cultural identity, is to make known to the citizens of other nations the history of the place, with its story and its characters, and the life of the inhabitants, with their own traditions and customs. In this paper, it is introduced an adaptive Context-Aware app able to collect not-structured data, belonging to heterogeneous sources and develop tailored recommendations for the user, in order to support a tourist inside a town. The solution found takes advantage of information technologies, like Internet of Thing and Internet of Services and the objective is reached through the use of a system of description of the context through a graphical formalism named Context Dimension Tree. The system described was implemented in the city of Salerno in Italy and the results of a questionnaire distributed to the users show great appreciation.
Cholesterol content of cells must be maintained within the very tight limits, too much or too little cholesterol in a cell results in disruption of cellular membranes, apoptosis and necrosis 1 . Cells can source cholesterol from intracellular synthesis and from plasma lipoproteins, both sources are sufficient to fully satisfy cells' requirements for cholesterol. The processes of cholesterol synthesis and uptake are tightly regulated and deficiencies of cholesterol are rare 2 . Excessive cholesterol is more common problem 3 . With the exception of hepatocytes and to some degree adrenocortical cells, cells are unable to degrade cholesterol. Cells have two options to reduce their cholesterol content: to convert cholesterol into cholesteryl esters, an option with limited capacity as overloading cells with cholesteryl esters is also toxic, and cholesterol efflux, an option with potentially unlimited capacity. Cholesterol efflux is a specific process that is regulated by a number of intracellular transporters, such as ATP binding cassette transporter proteins A1 (ABCA1) and G1 (ABCG1) and scavenger receptor type B1. The natural acceptor of cholesterol in plasma is high density lipoprotein (HDL) and apolipoprotein A-I.The cholesterol efflux assay is designed to quantitate the rate of cholesterol efflux from cultured cells. It measures the capacity of cells to maintain cholesterol efflux and/or the capacity of plasma acceptors to accept cholesterol released from cells. The assay consists of the following steps.Step 1: labelling cellular cholesterol by adding labelled cholesterol to serum-containing medium and incubating with cells for 24-48 h. This step may be combined with loading of cells with cholesterol. Step 2: incubation of cells in serum-free medium to equilibrate labelled cholesterol among all intracellular cholesterol pools. This stage may be combined with activation of cellular cholesterol transporters. Step 3: incubation of cells with extracellular acceptor and quantitation of movement of labelled cholesterol from cells to the acceptor. If cholesterol precursors were used to label newly synthesized cholesterol, a fourth step, purification of cholesterol, may be required.The assay delivers the following information: (i) how a particular treatment (a mutation, a knock-down, an overexpression or a treatment) affects the capacity of cell to efflux cholesterol and (ii) how the capacity of plasma acceptors to accept cholesterol is affected by a disease or a treatment. This method is often used in context of cardiovascular research, metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders, infectious and reproductive diseases. Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at http://www.jove.com/video/3810/ Protocol Preparation of [ 3 H]-cholesterol Plating Cells and Labelling Cellular CholesterolThis protocol has been tested using the following cell types: human monocytes 4,5 ,THP-1 human monocyte-macrophages 6,7,8 , RAW 264.7 murine macrophages 5,9,10,11 , HeLa cells 12 , human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)...
We present a novel Web-based Device Workflow Management Engine (WDWME) that supports seamless control and coordination of hardware devices. With this workflow engine, a series of activities or workflows regarding hardware functionality or services can be rapidly created via drag and drop. A working web-based workflow prototype has been developed as a proof of concept and tested using a device simulator to capture the task executions. In this work, a Feature Interaction Detection Engine (FIDE) is employed to validate the possible operation conflicts during the creation and pre-execution of a workflow. Additional JustifiedEvent-Condition-Action (JECA) rule and a Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) are proposed as future work to enhance the system's exception handling capability.
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