The prophylactic effects of oleanolic acid (OA) isolated from chloroform extract (CE) of Flaveria trinervia against ethanol induced liver toxicity was investigated using rats. CE and OA at three different doses were tested by administering orally to the ethanol treated animals during the last week of the 7 weeks study. Silymarin was used as the standard reference. The substantially elevated serum enzymatic levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin in ethanol treated animals were restored towards normalcy by treatment of CE and OA. In vivo antioxidant and in vitro free radical scavenging activities were also positive for all the three concentrations of CE and OA. However, OA at 150 mg/kg showed significant activity when compared to the other two doses. Biochemical observations in support with histopathological examinations revealed that CE and OA possess hepatoprotective action against ethanol induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
The wound healing promoting property of stem bark methanol extract of Semecarpus anacardium was evaluated at three different dosages by excision, incision and dead space wound models using Wistar albino rats. Framycetin skin ointment was used as standard. LD(50) of methanol extract was determined to be 500 mg kg(-1). In methanol extract (20% ointment) treated group, epithelialisation of the incision wound was faster with a high rate of wound contraction. The tensile strength of the incision wound was significantly increased when compared to other treated groups. The histological examination of the dead space wound model granulation tissue of the methanol extract (100 mg kg(-1)) treated group showed increased cross-linking of collagen fibres and absence of monocytes as compared to control. Methanol extract at 100 mg kg(-1) exhibited significant wound healing activity but was lesser than standard; whereas, in animals treated with 50 and 75 mg kg(-1) showed moderate activity. This investigation supported the ethnomedicinal claims of S. anacardium.
Helminths infections are also among the most common infections in human, affecting a large proportion of the world's population in developing countries and produce a global burden of disease. Pherithema posthuma a helminthes is commonly known as earth-worms, Leucas aspera herb is distributed throughout India. the anthelminthic property of Leucas aspera was evaluated using Pherithema posthuma as an experimental model. Piperazine citrate was used as the standard reference. earthworm belonging to control group showed paralysis time as 64.33 min and death time as 200 min. Among the various concentrations of aqueous extract tested, concenration at 250 mg/ml showed efficient anthelminthic activity and among all the concentrations ethanol extract tested, concentration at 250 mg/ml gave significant results. This investigation revealed that ethanol extract of Leucas aspera showed significant anthelminthic activity against Pheretima posthuma when compared aqueous extract. Ethanol extract also proved to be efficient than the standard drug. this investigation supported the ethnomedical claims of Leucas aspera as anthelminthic plant.
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