The impacts of impregnation and bleaching on the varnish layer hardness of Oriental beech (Fagus orientalist L.) wood were investigated. A number of bleaching were applied at 18% concentration for bleaching to both impregnated and unimpregnated specimens of Oriental beech wood. Subsequently, water-based (WB) varnish was coated over the samples and the varnish layer hardness values were determined in accordance with ASTM D 4366-95.All of the chemicals used for bleaching reduced the surface hardness. However, after varnish coating, the hardness of most samples was similar to that of the varnish-coated natural (control) samples.

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ABSTRACT:The impact of impregnation and bleaching on the hardness of varnish layers on oak (Quercus petraea L.) wood was investigated. A number of solutions [sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (natural) wood panels. Subsequently, a water-based varnish (WB) was coated over the samples, and the hardness of the varnished layers was determined in accordance with ASTM D 4366. Among the samples that were varnish-coated without bleaching, T-CBC/WB yielded the highest hardness (59.50), whereas I-WR 2000/WB exhibited the lowest (49.17). However, among the samples varnish-coated after bleaching, the highest (56.50) and lowest (40.83) varnish hardness values were obtained with T-CBC/solution 2/WB and I-WR 2000/ solution 4/WB, respectively. All the chemicals used for the bleaching process reduced the surface hardness. However, after the varnish coating, except for solutions 4 and 6, all the solutions showed hardness values similar to those of varnish-coated natural (control) samples.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of impregnation with Imersol‐Aqua (I‐AQUA) on the modulus of elasticity in bending of some woods. For our study, Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky), oak (Quercus petrea Liebl.), Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris Lipsky), Uludağ fir (Abies Bornmülleriana Lipsky), Oriental spruce (Picea orientalis Lipsky), and poplar (Populus nigra L.) wood samples were prepared according to TS EN (Turkish Standards; European Norm) 408 and impregnated with I‐AQUA by the method of short‐, medium‐, and long‐term dipping according to ASTM D 1413 and producers' definition. After the impregnation process, modulus of elasticity was measured according to TS EN 408. Consequently, among the nonimpregnated wood samples, modulus of elasticity was found to be the highest in Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky), (12,490 N mm−2) and the lowest in poplar (5439 N mm−2). As for the period of dipping, the highest modulus of elasticity was obtained in short‐term dipping and the lowest in long‐term dipping. Considering the interaction of wood type and period of impregnation, the highest modulus of elasticity in bending was obtained in Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) with short‐term dipping (10,720 N mm−2) whereas the lowest was in poplar with long‐term dipping (4597 N mm−2). In consequence, in massive constructions and furniture elements where the modulus of elasticity in bending after impregnation is of great concern, short term impregnation of Oriental beech and Scotch pine materials could be recommended. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 3210–3217, 2006

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