This study demonstrates that the challenges in developing a safe and effective TIKI can be overcome. Three subjects implanted with the research TIKI all reported benefit from routine use. For each subject, hearing outcomes using invisible hearing mode were not as good as when using the external ESPrit 3G sound processor in the conventional mode.
A versatile and simple to use biomedical instrumentation for noninvasive examinations of cosmonauts at the Russian MIR space station was developed. It consists of a comfortable sensor jacket to assess signals from the body surface, a precision hand dynamometer to produce muscular and cardiovascular loads, and a small interactive microprocessor unit that controls the examination and stores measurement data. The sensor jacket includes highly sensitive piezo-resistive accelerometers, pulse sensors, an ECG system, and a skin-mountable mechanical vibrator. The functionality of this instrumentation was evaluated during long-term space flights and also proved very useful in laboratory and clinical studies.
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