Background: Edible flowers, Tropaeolum majus has been used as a disinfectant and an antibiotic, and for wound healing, but the anti-obesity effects of this plant have not been reported previouslyObjective: We investigated the anti-adipogenic effects of T. majus ethanol extract (TME) on 3T3-L1 cells.Design: 3T3-L1 cells were differentiated in the presence of different concentrations of TME. Lipid accumulation levels were determined using Oil-Red O staining and a triglyceride content assay. Changes in the expression of proteins related to adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells were determined by SDS-PAGE and western blotting.Results: The highest inhibition of lipid accumulation was observed at a TME concentration of 300 µg/mL. Additionally, TME concentrations ranging from 20 µg/mL to 500 µg/mL led to a decrease in the expression of adipocyte differentiation regulators, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, CCAAT element binding protein α, and sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1. This decrease was shown to be concentration-dependent.Discussion: Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that TME inhibits lipid accumulation and reduces the expression PPARG, CEBPA, and SREBF1, which regulate adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells.Conclusions: TME may be a potential novel therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of obesity.
A research was conducted on Seoul regional elementary, middle, and high school nutritionists to study about their perception of HACCP control standards & performance conditions and sanitation & safety inspection, to seek for more efficient methods of school meals' sanitation system settlement. All surveys were distributed and collected via email. A total of 305 survey papers were collected, and out of these, 300 school results were analyzed. As for CCP 1 performance conditions, 43.3% of the nutritionist put emphasis on temperature control for cooking duration and 71.0% said that they manage both temperature and PHF food control. In CCP 2 stage, 65.8% of the nutritionists maintained the food's temperature, and 56.7% documented the recordings after cooking. A total of 79.3% of the schools scored above 90 points on school meal sanitation & safety inspection, 3.72 points on necessity for revisions, 3.38 points on objectivity, and 3.34 points on reliability. As for these results, a clear CCP control criteria as well as training must be set. Also, because the necessity of revision for sanitation & safety inspection is higher than reliability and objectivity, appropriate complementary measures must be taken.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.