The effects of fumonisin B-glucose reaction products in swine diets was examined. Pigs were fed diets containing 528 µmol of total fumonisin B/kg (FB), 528 µmol of total FB-glucose adducts/kg (FB-G, 122 µmol of unreacted FB/kg), or 0 µmol of total FB/kg for 15 days to test the efficacy of the FB-G reaction products in detoxifying FB. Weight gain in FB pigs was lower than in FB-G or controls, which was correlated with feed intake reduction in FB pigs. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and total bilirubin in FB pigs were higher than in FB-G or control pigs. Serum sphinganine/shingosine ratios in FB pigs were higher than in FB-G or control pigs. Microscopic examination of tissues from FB pigs showed generalized liver necrosis and apoptosis with marked cellular pleomorphism and disorganized hepatic cords. The liver and kidneys in the FB-G group appeared to be normal. Tissues of controls were free of lesions. Results suggest that dietary FB-G products are less toxic to swine and may provide an detoxification approach in instances of widespread FB grain contamination (p < 0.05). KeywordsInterdepartmental The effects of fumonisin B-glucose reaction products in swine diets was examined. Pigs were fed diets containing 528 µmol of total fumonisin B/kg (FB), 528 µmol of total FB-glucose adducts/kg (FB-G, 122 µmol of unreacted FB/kg), or 0 µmol of total FB/kg for 15 days to test the efficacy of the FB-G reaction products in detoxifying FB. Weight gain in FB pigs was lower than in FB-G or controls, which was correlated with feed intake reduction in FB pigs. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and total bilirubin in FB pigs were higher than in FB-G or control pigs. Serum sphinganine/shingosine ratios in FB pigs were higher than in FB-G or control pigs. Microscopic examination of tissues from FB pigs showed generalized liver necrosis and apoptosis with marked cellular pleomorphism and disorganized hepatic cords. The liver and kidneys in the FB-G group appeared to be normal. Tissues of controls were free of lesions. Results suggest that dietary FB-G products are less toxic to swine and may provide an detoxification approach in instances of widespread FB grain contamination (p < 0.05).

Acute and subacute intraperitoneal doses of fumonisin B1 (FB1) were administered to test the efficacy of the FB1-glucose reaction products in detoxifying FB1 in swine. In the acute study at 11 µmol of FB1/kg of body weight, five of six pigs administered FB1 and four of six pigs administered FB1-glucose died from acute pulmonary edema. Analysis of weight gain, serum aspartate aminotransferase and γ-glutamyltransferase, total cholesterol, and pathological evaluation did not provide evidence of protection against FB1 toxicity by the FB1-glucose reaction products. In the subacute study at 5.5 µmol of FB1/kg of body weight, one pig administered FB1 died from liver damage. Analysis of serum aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and total bilirubin showed protection against FB1 toxicity by the FB1-glucose reaction products. The levels of sphinganine and sphinganine/sphingosine ratios in serum and liver as well as pathologic findings provided definitive evidence of protection against the FB1 toxic effects by this detoxification procedure (p < 0.05). Acute and subacute intraperitoneal doses of fumonisin B 1 (FB 1 ) were administered to test the efficacy of the FB 1 -glucose reaction products in detoxifying FB 1 in swine. In the acute study at 11 µmol of FB 1 /kg of body weight, five of six pigs administered FB 1 and four of six pigs administered FB 1 -glucose died from acute pulmonary edema. Analysis of weight gain, serum aspartate aminotransferase and γ-glutamyltransferase, total cholesterol, and pathological evaluation did not provide evidence of protection against FB 1 toxicity by the FB 1 -glucose reaction products. In the subacute study at 5.5 µmol of FB 1 /kg of body weight, one pig administered FB 1 died from liver damage. Analysis of serum aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and total bilirubin showed protection against FB 1 toxicity by the FB 1 -glucose reaction products. The levels of sphinganine and sphinganine/sphingosine ratios in serum and liver as well as pathologic findings provided definitive evidence of protection against the FB 1 toxic effects by this detoxification procedure (p < 0.05).