OBJECTIVES To determine the relationship between androgens, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and urodynamic variables of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in patients with LUTS/benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), as androgens are important in the pathogenesis of LUTS. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty‐five men with symptomatic BPH were enrolled in the study and had a complete urodynamic investigation, establishing BOO. Age, prostate‐specific antigen level, prostate volume and postvoid residual volume were recorded and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) was estimated. Detrusor pressure at maximum flow (PdetQmax), at urethral closure (PdetCl, the pressure at the end of urinary flow) and maximum detrusor pressure (Pdetmax) was recorded, while detrusor overactivity (DO) was noted when present. Blood samples were collected to measure total testosterone (T), and free T (FT) was calculated. Patients were grouped according to FT levels as low (<72 pg/mL) and normal (FT ≥72 pg/mL). RESULTS Ten patients had a low FT level, with a mean (sd) of 54.3 (16.5) pg/mL, and 15 a normal level of FT, of 90.5 (11) pg/mL. FT was negatively correlated with PdetCl, and PdetQmax; the mean PdetCl and PdetQmax differed significantly between patients with low and normal FT levels. Fourteen patients had DO and they had significantly lower levels of FT than those with no DO. All patients with a FT level of <60 pg/mL had DO, and the presence of instability differed significantly from the rest of the group. CONCLUSIONS Low T levels in clinical BOO correlated negatively with PdetCl and PdetQmax, while promoting DO. Androgen seems to have an ameliorating role in lower urinary tract function.

Introduction It has been suggested that some classes of antihypertensive drugs may induce or exacerbate sexual and/or erectile dysfunction (ED) more than others. Sexually related side effects of antihypertensive treatment may compromise patient's and partner's quality of life. Often, these side effects can lead to withdrawal or poor compliance with therapy resulting in abnormal blood pressure and associated morbidity. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate whether hypertension clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) address ED and/or other sexual issues as either an adverse outcome of chosen therapy or as a factor to consider in treatment decision. Methods Hypertension CPGs were identified by searching PubMed (from 2000 to current), the World Wide Web, bibliographies of retrieved guidelines, and official home pages of major medical societies. Main Outcome Measures The main outcome measures used for this study were guidelines assessment using a set of author-determined survey questions. Results Twelve CPGs were identified and analyzed. From these 12, only three emphasized the importance of assessing sexual function prior to initiation and/or follow-up of antihypertensive therapy; only five described potential sexual side effects associated with some drugs; only two provided specific management recommendations on commencing antihypertensive therapy in sexually active men or those with preexisting ED and address the timeline of the potential drug-induced impairment of sexual function. Conclusions Only a minority of CPGs for the treatment of hypertension consider ED or other sexual issues as either an adverse outcome or as a factor to consider in treatment. Sexual function is an important aspect of quality of life for both the individual and his partner. It is therefore imperative to select therapy with the least possible potential for causing sexual sequelae and enable the best achievable balance between therapeutic efficacy, quality of life, and therapeutic compliance. Based on these results, our proposed algorithm attempts to effectively apply available evidence to clinical practice.

IntroductionA burned-out seminoma of the testis is an exceptionally rare clinical entity, with few reports found in the literature.Case presentationA case of burned-out tumor of the testis in a 31-year-old man is reported. The tumor presented as a retroperitoneal mass with histological characteristic of a seminoma. The testes on clinical examination were normal, and a suspicious lesion in the scrotum was only identified after ultrasound. Incision of the abdominal mass was decided, followed by orchectomy. Histological examination of the testis revealed a suspicious lesion with characteristics of spontaneous regression of germ cell tumors.ConclusionWe describe one of very few cases worldwide, where spontaneous regression of a primary testicular tumor occurred after demonstration of retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis, a phenomenon known as burned-out seminoma, which is hard to recognize and incompletely characterized by physicians.

Coxiella burnetii is one of the most common causes of blood culture-negative infective endocarditis (IE). However, only a few cases of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) infection have been reported in the literature. Herein, we present a case of CIED-related blood culture-negative infection attributed to C. burnetii. A 54-year-old male was admitted to our hospital due to prolonged fatigue, a low-grade fever lasting more than a month, and weight loss. Three years ago, he received an implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) as a primary prevention measure against sudden cardiac death. An initial transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography showed a dilated left ventricle with severely impaired systolic function, while the ventricular pacing wire was inside the right ventricle with a large echogenic mass (2.2 × 2.5 cm) adherent to it. Repeated blood cultures were negative. The patient underwent transvenous lead extraction. A transesophageal echocardiography after the extraction revealed multiple vegetations on the tricuspid valve with moderate to severe valve regurgitation. A surgical replacement of the tricuspid valve was determined after a multidisciplinary heart team approach. Serology tests showed increased IgG antibodies in phase I (1:16,394) and phase II (1:8192), and a definite diagnosis of CIED infection was made based on the serological tests.

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