In Turkey, primary care staffs have observed an increased rate of vaccination refusal in recent years. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of vaccination refusal and hesitancy in Turkey, in addition to the demographic features and underlying reasons. The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in İstanbul and Tekirdağ, two big Turkish cities that are exposed to widespread internal migration. To reflect Turkey's demographic structure, 1004 participants were selected using cluster sampling based on birthplace, age, and level of education, from all individuals who attended family medicine outpatient clinics at Namık Kemal University and Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital. A face-to-face questionnaire method was used. Data show that this decline was mainly the result of the increasing rate of vaccine rejection and hesitation, for which the most important reason was found to be distrust of vaccine companies. It can be concluded that individuals who display vaccine refusal and hesitation are mostly born in the developed geographical regions of Turkey and have high income and educational levels. According to these results, we anticipate that vaccination rates may fall in Turkey in the coming years.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate family physicians’ job strain during the Covid-19 pandemic and determine the effective factors. The study was carried out between 01 May 2020 and 01 June 2020 by applying an online questionnaire to family physicians who worked in primary care in Istanbul and could be reached by telephone application. The survey created by us included socio-demographic information and the Job Strain Scale Short Form. P value was accepted as 0.05, and SPSS 20 package program was used in statistical analysis. 448 Family Physicians participated in the study. Anxiety levels of the participants increased after the pandemic ( p < 0.001). Job strain score increased significantly during the pandemic process ( p < 0.001). The ‘Workload’ sub-dimension of the job strain score was affected by young age, not having children, thinking that the working hours increased, deterioration of sleep quality and increasing anxiety level. It was determined that there was an increase in the “Control” sub-dimension score of family physicians who thought that they were not provided with adequate protective equipment during the pandemic process and who did not find the use of their own personal protective equipment sufficient. ‘Social support’ sub-dimension mean score decreased during the pandemic period. It was determined that it significantly increased in married family physicians compared to single ones. In the pandemic process, anxiety, sleep quality deterioration and job strain increased significantly. In family physicians, after the pandemic, workload and control sub-dimension changes increased, while social support sub-dimension decreased.

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Background:The aim of this study is to measure the level of internet addiction among high school adolescents and to determine the relationship between their time spent on the internet and the back and neck pain and eye health problems they experience.Methods: The study is a simple cross-sectional descriptive study. 8926 high school students participated in the study. Students were selected by cluster sampling method pursuant to their gender, school type, and grade distributions. Young's short internet addiction test (IAT) that was adapted to Turkish was utilized. Results: The average internet addiction score of the students was 26.88 ± 8.80. While the ratio of students with a high risk of addiction was 44.3% (n=3950), the ratio of those, who were addicted, was 15.7% (n=1400). A significant positive correlation was found between the addiction level and the lower back, neck pain and eye disorders. (p<0.001; p<0.001; p<0.001) The smartphone possession rate of students was 96.4% (n=8606). There was a significant positive correlation between having a smartphone and the level of addiction, neck pain, and eye complaints. (p=0.005; p=0.002; p=0.003, respectively)The ratio of students, who have a computer at home, was 79.8% (n=7122). Eye complaints were found to be significantly higher in those, who had a computer at home (p<0.001).Conclusion: Internet addiction is an important and common problem among adolescents. Internet addiction increases, as the age of adolescents increases. Smartphones are the most important risk factor for the spread of internet addiction. Internet addiction leads to muscle-joint pain, and eye-related symptoms.

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