One recurring theme in the TEI project has been the need to represent non-hierarchical information in a natural way -or at least in a way that is acceptable to those who must use it -using a technical tool that assumes a single hierarchical representation. This paper proposes solutions to a variety of such problems: the encoding of segments which do not reflect a document's primary hierarchy; relationships among non-adjacent segments of texts; ambiguous content; overlapping structures; parallel structures; cross-references; vague locations.
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