Essential oils are biosynthesized in the secondary metabolism of plants, and in their chemical composition, they can be identified different classes of compounds with potential antioxidant and biological applications. Over the years in the Amazon, several species of aromatic plants were discovered and used in traditional medicine. The literature has shown that essential oils extracted from amazon species have several biological activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, and antiprotozoal activities. These activities are related to the diversified chemical composition found in essential oils that, by synergism, favors its pharmacological action. In light of this vital importance, this study aimed at performing a review of the literature with particular emphasis on the chemical composition and biological activities in studies conducted with species collected in the Amazon, taking into consideration in particular the last 10 years of collection and research.
Os óleos essenciais das folhas, galhos e frutos de um espécime de Cinnamomum verum J. Presl (Lauraceae) coletado em Belém (Pará/Brasil) foram obtidos por hidrodestilação, e analisados através de cromatografia de fase gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas (CG/EM). Eugenol predominou no óleo essencial das folhas (64,2%), e nos galhos foram encontrados elevados teores de acetato de E-cinamila (10,5%), (E)-cinamaldeído (8,57%) e óxido de cariofileno (8,68%). Os sesquiterpenos do tipo cadinano, α-cadinol (8,72%), epi-α-cadinol (8,6), δ-cadineno (6,81%) e γ-cadineno (6,48%), foram os principais constituintes do óleo essencial dos frutos.
Terpenes are compounds derived from the secondary metabolism of plants, which act biologically in several functionalities, fighting several predators such as fungi and bacteria. Monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes are some of the main compounds that characterize the chemical composition of essential oils. However, this concentration depends on several factors, such as the type of ecosystem, climate, temperature, and other circumstances that can directly impact the chemical composition of essential oil. The Myrtaceae family is considered one of the main families of Brazilian flora and presents a wide diversity of species. Within this family, some species produce essential oils rich in terpenoids, which, besides being responsible for some biological activities, have contributed to the expansion and search for new natural bioactive substances present in such volatile substances. Given the above, this chapter presents a literature search with current studies that prove the biological and antioxidant activities of terpenoids present in essential oils of species of the Myrtaceae family.<img alt="">
O ambiente escolar é um espaço de produção e aplicação de saberes destinados ao desenvolvimento humano e, em adição, a saúde escolar é uma área de intervenção que pode estar integrando profissionais de vários níveis de ensino ao trabalhar os diversos determinantes da saúde nesse ambiente. Desse modo, a inclusão de palestras acerca das doenças de contágio na formação de professores e alunos é uma ferramenta importante na conscientização da comunidade escolar ao potencializar mudanças de comportamentos e atitudes dentro das instituições de ensino. O alvo da iniciativa deste trabalho foi toda a comunidade educativa, desde os gestores aos docentes, passando pelos discentes e auxiliares de ação, culminando em uma cadeia de sensibilização que terminou com uma atividade direcionada aos pais. Dessa forma, a educação para a saúde pode ser utilizada como uma ferramenta carreadora de informações para prevenção de doenças por encontrar na multidisciplinaridade uma das mais ecléticas alternativas para atuar junto à comunidade escolar na promoção da saúde.
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