The continuously increasing complexity of modern and sustainable power and energy systems leads to a wide range of solutions developed by industry and academia. To manage such complex system-of-systems, proper engineering and validation approaches, methods, concepts, and corresponding tools are necessary. The Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM), an approach that has been developed during the last couple of years, provides a very good and structured basis for the design, development, and validation of new solutions and technologies. This review therefore provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art and related work for the theory, distribution, and use of the aforementioned architectural concept. The article itself provides an overview of the overall method and introduces the theoretical fundamentals behind this approach. Its usage is demonstrated in several European and national research and development projects. Finally, an outlook about future trends, potential adaptations, and extensions is provided as well.
This study presents an overview of the results obtained during the first year of the SmartNet project, which aims at comparing possible architectures for optimised interaction between transmission system operator (TSOs) and distribution system operator (DSOs), including exchange of information for monitoring as well as acquisition of ancillary services (reserve and balancing, voltage regulation, congestion management), both for local needs and for the entire power system. The results concerning TSO-DSO coordination schemes, market design and information and communication technology (ICT) architectures are shown along with the layout of the three technological pilot projects.Additionally, this paper provides insight on the three physical pilots. Five TSO-DSO coordination schemesThe need for increased cooperation between TSOs and DSOs is widely recognised by regulators [1,2]. Within SmartNet, five 24th International Conference & Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED)
The continuously growing distributed generation and the business potential for demand response are gradually enabling significant provision of flexibility and reserve towards distribution networks. For this reason, transmission and distribution system operators need to coordinate their operation in order to develop efficient market arrangements that can help utilize all the resources capable of providing ancillary services. SmartNet project investigated the potential interaction schemes between network operators, together with the possible new services devoted to the optimal distribution grid management. This paper summarizes the main challenges in simulating complex electricity systems and flexibility markets for three European countries (Italy, Denmark and Spain) in 2030 scenarios. The simulation results are then analyzed using cost-benefit analysis and regulatory conclusions are deduced.
This paper outlines the main features of SREMS, a short-medium run electricity market simulator based on game theory. Some original features are: a full description of markets zonal structure and an original unit commitment algorithm triying to reproduce GenCos' real operative behavior.Index Terms-electricity markets, strategic bidding, medium run simulator, game theory Gianluigi Migliavacca graduated in Electronic Engineering at the Polytechnic University of Milan in 1991. In 1994 he joined the Automation Research Center of ENEL where he has been responsible of research activities in the field of mathematical modeling and numerical methods for the dynamic simulation of thermal power plants. In 2000 he joined CESI in Milan and then CESI Ricerca, where he presently works, carrying out research activities involving simulation and dealing with regulatory issues of electricity markets and cross border trade. In 2005 he was also consultant at the Italian Regulatory Authority for Electricity and Gas both about the so called Athens process, concerning the energy markets of the Countries of South-East Europe, and about Cross Border Trade and congestion management in the Central-South European area. He is also member of IFAC committee Power Plants and Power Systems. He also organizes courses on electricity market topics in the frame of the consortium EES-UETP.
The FlexPlan Horizon2020 project aims at establishing a new grid-planning methodology which considers the opportunity to introduce new storage and flexibility resources in electricity transmission and distribution grids as an alternative to building new grid elements, in accordance with the intentions of the Clean Energy for all Europeans regulatory package of the European Commission. FlexPlan creates a new innovative grid-planning tool whose ambition is to go beyond the state of the art of planning methodologies by including the following innovative features: assessment of the best planning strategy by analysing in one shot a high number of candidate expansion options provided by a pre-processor tool, simultaneous mid- and long-term planning assessment over three grid years (2030, 2040, 2050), incorporation of a full range of cost–benefit analysis criteria into the target function, integrated transmission distribution planning, embedded environmental analysis (air quality, carbon footprint, landscape constraints), probabilistic contingency methodologies in replacement of the traditional N-1 criterion, application of numerical decomposition techniques to reduce calculation efforts and analysis of variability of yearly renewable energy sources (RES) and load time series through a Monte Carlo process. Six regional cases covering nearly the whole European continent are developed in order to cast a view on grid planning in Europe till 2050. FlexPlan will end up formulating guidelines for regulators and planning offices of system operators by indicating to what extent system flexibility can contribute to reducing overall system costs (operational + investment) yet maintaining current system security levels and which regulatory provisions could foster such process. This paper provides a complete description of the modelling features of the planning tool and pre-processor and provides the first results of their application in small-scale scenarios.
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