In proposing a 'translation turn' in cultural studies in 1998, Bassnett and Lefevere suggested the possibility of reversing the course of intellectual curiosity. If translation studies had been seeking frameworks and concepts in other disciplines, why couldn't they in turn find something in translation studies that could be useful for their own development? In this spirit, this paper presents some findings of a three-year interdisciplinary research project on linguistic mediation (both oral and written) along the southernmost frontier of the Spanish colonial empire. We examined the mediation processes taking place within this historical context Á a setting characterized by a dynamic of inter-ethnic border tensions Á from an interdisciplinary perspective (historical anthropology, philosophy, and translation studies). Exchanging disciplinary practices and knowledge rewarded us with a clearer picture of the object of study. For translation studies, this dialogue has resulted in a better understanding of the dynamics of the social, ethical, and political dimensions of oral mediation, as well as an opportunity to remove the barrier that traditionally separates translation from interpretation as disciplinary objects. Furthermore, thanks to this interdisciplinary contribution, we believe we can draw new conclusions about the significance of oral and written mediation in the history of a bilingual society.
La expansión y desarrollo del castellano parecen justificar una interpretación bastante monolítica y carente de matices de lo que fue su implantación en América. La independencia misma de las naciones latinoamericanas se hace, aparentemente sin ningún asomo de conflicto o sentimiento de contradicción, en la lengua de la metrópolis. Introduciendo un poco de perturbación en este panorama, aquí analizaremos el caso particular de Chile donde, tras la independencia, imperó durante más de cien años un curioso ambiente de caos y polémicas ortográficas que no se apaga sino hasta 1927, y aún entonces, sólo por decreto gubernamental. La traducción milita en este campo de polémicas, y en algunos casos se vuelve eje mismo de la controversia.
Qu’est-ce que l’histoire de la traduction peut apporter de nouveau à l’histoire? Voici la question à laquelle cet article tente de répondre en analysant deux exemples tirés de l’histoire de la traduction au Mexique et au Chili. La transmission des mythes fondateurs au Mexique à partir des premières transcriptions de discours en langue nahuatl alphabétisée, ainsi que l’activité de traduction promue par les premiers gouvernements républicains indépendants au Chili, montrent que l’histoire de la traduction, avec ses méthodes et perspectives, peut introduire des interrogations dans l’historiographie, et qu’elle peut et doit aussi tenir un dialogue avec l’histoire générale et ses sous-disciplines, telles que l’histoire intellectuelle ou l’histoire du livre et de la lecture.What may translation history contribute to history? We will try to answer this question by examining two examples from translation history in Mexico and Chile. The transmission of the foundation myths in Mexico, from the first alphabetical transcriptions into Nahuatl, as well as the translation activity promoted by Chile’s first Republican governments, reveal that the history of translation, with its methods and perspectives, can introduce interrogations in historiography, and that it can and must also establish a dialogue with general history and its subdisciplines, such as intellectual history and the history of the book and reading
Además de la labor como gramático, lexicógrafo y traductor, Luis de Valdivia ejerce una intensa actividad de carácter político-diplomático como promotor de la política de la Guerra Defensiva, actividad caracterizada por las negociaciones mediadas por intérpretes. En este trabajo, en el que se cruzan las miradas de la traductología, la antropología histórica y la fi losofía intercultural sobre las fuentes valdivianas, postulamos que es el ethos traductológico de Luis de Valdivia el que, forzando las posibilidades de inteligibilidad mutua, y pese al fracaso inicial de su misión, permite instaurar el modo de negociación que se conoce como parlamentos.
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