School psychology training programs are required to provide multicultural training to preservice school psychologists; however, trainers have had difficulty adequately including multicultural content into the curriculum. Thus, there is a gap between the requirements and the training that many school psychologists receive. Training programs have grappled with multicultural training because of difficulty identifying the structure and content of such training for school psychologists. To advance multicultural training in school psychology, guidance is needed regarding the content and structure necessary to adequately develop multicultural competence. Hence, the purpose of this article is to critically review the evidence on multicultural training in school psychology and provide a synthesis of the best evidence for preparing multiculturally competent school psychologists.
Obesity among children and adolescents is a major public health concern affecting the physical and emotional health of youth while increasing their risk of reduced quality and duration of life. Schools and communities have begun to galvanize to address this epidemic and need quality empirical information to guide their policy, programming, and intervention efforts. This article reviews the definition of childhood obesity and the physical, psychosocial, and academic consequences of obesity among youth. The roles of schools and school psychologists in intervening against this overwhelming trend are discussed as well as current empirically based programs. Schools are recommended to take a comprehensive, multifaceted approach to school policies and programs to increase nutrition and physical activity.
This study examined the structural invariance of the 17-item Ethnic Identity Scale (EIS; Umaña-Taylor, Yazedjian, & Bámaca-Gomez, 2004) with a Native American sample. Participants were 144 students (55% female) enrolled in a Native American boarding school in the south-central U.S. Participants ranged in age from 13 to 19 years (M = 15.9, SD = 1.49). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed using maximum likelihood estimation. The original model was a poor fit for the data set. Removal of Items 1 and 2 and modeling the covariation between Items 6 and 11 resulted in an overall chi square value of Χ²(86, N = 144) = 152.21, p < .0001 (CFI = .936; RMSEA = .073; 90% CI on RMSEA = .054, .092), suggesting an acceptable fit. Substantial factor loadings were evident for the remaining 15 items. Analyses for the most part replicated Umaña-Taylor, Yazedjian, and Bámaca-Gomez's (2004) original 3-factor structure. We hypothesize that the minor differences between the present structure and that of Umaña-Taylor et al. (2004) may be an artifact of this particular sample.
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